物业社区宣传：控烟宣传资料1

　物业社区宣传：控烟宣传资料1提要：香烟烟雾首先接触的是娇嫩的呼吸道粘膜，干热的烟雾可引起刺激性咳嗽，同时又使这些粘膜变得十分干燥，并慢性充血

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　物业社区宣传：控烟宣传资料1

　吸烟与冠心病

　近年来，国内外关于吸烟与冠心病的关系的研究表明，吸烟对冠心病是一个主要的独立的危险因素，它和其他危险因素如高血压、高血脂有协同关系。研究结果表明，吸烟者比不吸烟的人冠心病的死亡率高70%，而且吸烟的支数愈多，年限愈长，开始吸烟的年龄愈早，烟雾吸入支气管愈深，患冠心病的危险性愈大，死亡率愈高。

　有关专家和学者认为，烟草及其燃烧的烟雾中会有多种化合物与冠心病发病有关者，主要为尼古丁和一氧化碳，而一氧化碳的作用可能比尼古丁更为重要，因为一氧化碳与血红蛋白亲和力约比氧大250倍，血液中一氧化碳增多能使血红蛋白运输氧的能力减低，造成器官缺氧。在患冠心病者可诱发心绞痛、心肌梗塞心脏性猝死。此外，氮氧化物可与氧结合，使氧含血红蛋白减低。另外，硫氰酸盐能抑制细胞呼吸，促进尼古丁、一氧化碳对心脏和血管的损害。

　据报道，宣传控制吸烟起步较早的美国，这方面已收到初步成效。1965-1982年间，美国男性吸烟率已由减至%，女性由%减至%，通过控制吸烟，增加活动量和饮食控制等措施，美国的冠心病死亡率从1936-1980年降低了30%，而我国的冠心病患病率却在逐年增加，并在医院住院的心脏病者构成比例中已占首位，这与吸烟者增多有很大的关系。因此，要预防和治疗冠心病。一定要下决心戒烟!

　控烟与呼吸系统疾病

　鼻、烟、气管、支气管、大量的肺泡组织组成了呼吸器官，它们还形成了一个能够通向外界的通道，称为呼吸道。

　香烟烟雾首先接触的是娇嫩的呼吸道粘膜，干热的烟雾可引起刺激性咳嗽，同时又使这些粘膜变得十分干燥，并慢性充血。为了使呼吸道粘膜继续保持湿润、粘膜细胞代偿性地分泌过量的粘液，这些过量的粘液排出体外，就是平常的痰液，长期吸烟者普遍有慢性咳嗽、痰多。此外，烟雾中的烟尘微粒比空气中的微粒多5万倍，而且烟尘微粒中含有很多有害物质，它们可使纤毛中毒、受损，可使分泌的粘液发生凝固，从而使纤毛和粘液失去抵抗和保护的功能。于是，大量的毒物以及细菌均可乘虚而入，进入并停滞在支气管及肺泡里，这就可能引起呼吸道炎症。长期大量吸烟会引起慢性支气管炎甚至导致肺气肿。

　 1、慢性支气管炎

　慢性支气管炎是一种常见病、多发病。根据我国七十年代六千多万人的普查结果，患病率为百分之三点八二，而且随着年龄的增长，患病率递增，五十岁以上的老年人患病率高达百分之十五或者更多。

　慢支的发病原因极为复杂，除和大气污染、感染、过敏、气候变化、体质、营养等因素有关外，全世界普遍公认，吸烟是慢支发病的最主要的原因。据国外报道，吸烟者发生慢支的机会为不吸烟者的八倍。一九八六年法国政府耗资六百亿巨资，抢救吸烟中毒者，但还是有七万人葬身烟海，其中六千人死于慢支。我国专业工作者最近一项人口死因调查证实：全国人口死因，呼吸系统疾病跃居第二位，也和人们吸烟关系极大。上海市1972年普查了3339名50岁以上的老年人，其中吸烟者慢支的患病率为不吸烟者的二倍，前者为%，后者为%。他们另用配对方法以慢支患者和正常人各303名作吸烟习惯对比检查，慢支组吸烟人数非常显着地高于正常对照组。

　四川、安徽等地的研究表明，慢支发病随着吸烟年龄的增加而递增。吸烟1-9年者患病率为%，20年以上者为%。他们又发现吸烟的支数愈多危险性愈大，每天吸烟1-10支的人群，慢支患病率为%，抽20支以上者患病率为%。为什么在吸烟与慢支的患病率关系上如此密切呢？原来烟叶所含的焦油的烟碱是发生慢支的主要有害、有毒物质。它能使支气管上皮纤毛变短、不规则，纤毛运动发生障碍，又能引起支气管痉挛，增加气道阻力，粘液腺受刺激后肥大，分沁物增多，有利于细菌、病毒侵入繁殖，使吸烟者咳嗽、痰多，吸烟不停，症状不止。因此，奉劝吸烟者，特别是老年人和慢支患者，赶快戒烟!

　 2、肺气肿

　肺气肿是由于肺细支气管和肺泡的过度充气，导致肺容积过度增大的一种慢性病。吸烟引起的肺气肿一般是在慢性支气管炎的基础上发展起来的，因此只有长期大量的吸烟的人才能达到这一步。单独报道吸烟与肺气肿关系的资料甚少。一项检查表明，肺气肿病情严重的人中17%是吸烟者，不吸烟的无一人达到这种程度。病情中等者吸烟的占26%，不吸烟的只占16%。在上述不同程度肺气肿总病例中，吸烟量每天多于一盒者占52%，少于一盒者占37%，不吸烟的只占3%。

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　Measures for the routine management of moral education in Middle SchoolsMethod of conventional management of moral education in middle schoolFirst, the guiding ideology:School moral education is an organic whole of the whole education work, always adhere to the school adhere to the moral education, education for this product, and actively promote the quality education, the school building efficient curriculum system of moral education, moral education, improve the sense of attraction and appeal, enhance the moral education work for through and timeliness. Teach everyone, service education and management education, and school moral education work must be with family education and community education closely together, to form a concerted pattern, and strive to create a good atmosphere for education, and to promote the all-round development of students, to establish a scientific moral education full of vigor the For long-term mechanism.Two, the goal of moral education:To guide the students to form the correct world outlook, outlook on life, values, to cultivate students' unity and mutual assistance, honest and trustworthy, law-abiding, good quality, hard work, set a good XX students ideological quality, psychological quality and image quality. The formation of excellent moral education curriculum system and management system, the construction of school. The society, family moral education network, to achieve full member education, environment education, education service people, educating people. Traditional moral education initiativesThree, the routine work of moral education:Daily moral education:1, the daily morning exercises or class-break setting-up exercise and discipline inspection and appraisal of public signs;2, daily cleaning and inspection;3, the daily student school appearance, dress, wearing school card check;4, the daily duty guide to the leadership class discipline three rounds.Weekly moral education work:L, the flag raising ceremony and the "national flag" speech under the flag raising ceremony held on Monday";2, every week a class meeting, the meeting;3, every week "two exercises, cleaning and hygiene, behavior norms, attendance" situation published cloth appraisal, and the issue of the code of conduct;;4, weekly work week.Monthly moral education work:1, at least once a month, the theme of education activities, to patriotism education, behavior norms of education as the focus, combined with major retreat day.2, the monthly class quantization assessment and class teacher assessment, selection of behavior for the standard model class.Moral education in each term:1, at the end of each semester to form "three good student", "outstanding student cadres", "civilized student".2, at least once a semester, parents will be.,Student etiquette conventionA, the school leavers1, dress neatly to wear school card, step posture correct, full of spirit; cycling of the same students, at the school gate and get off, go to the car line of the school; are not allowed to ride a bicycle in the campus, bicycle according to the specified location;;2, no time to school, had to leave school. A special reason to leave school early to school, the teacher signature issued on release;3, order out of the school gate, not chasing;B, classroom activities4, the classroom desks and chairs, arranged in order, decorate beautiful;5, the students on duty should promptly clean the blackboard, sweep the floor, turn off the lights, close the doors and windows, lock the door;6, keep the classroom clean, no spitting, no littering debris and other debris;7, not in the desk, doors and windows, walls, etc. The Painted graffiti graffiti board;8, the preparation of the bell ring, sitting in their own position, and do a good lesson preparation, keep the classroom quiet;9, when the class to stand up to the teacher Shi Hangli; class speech first raise their hands;10, listen attentively. Speak to raise their hands to answer questions, to stand up to loud sounds;L1, not to be late, do not leave early, not late into the classroom to play truant. Standing in the doorway shouting "report", raised by the teacher agreed to in classroom;;L2, to concentrate on self-study, do not do and learning has nothing to do;13, do not copy homework, do not cheat in the exam;C, assembly activityIn L4, the flag raising ceremony, solemn, neat, orderly queue team, for the national flag stood for salute. The national anthem, the original should be standing.15, exercise to do fast, quiet, qi;16, the rally should be punctual, keep quiet speak first to Su; teachers and audience charming year ceremony, the end of the speech of thanks; to watch the performances, games, applause to appropriate moderation.D, campus health177, keep the corridor clean, sanitary, quiet, do not push, do not push, do not play slapstick;18, do not pour from upstairs downstairs, spitting, throwing debris;19, clean area on duty to seriously do the clean health work area;20, take good care of the campus environment, do not litter. Paper towels, peel, beverage bottles, food packaging bags, etc. should be thrown into the designated bins;2L, love and care for school facilities and equipment, care of flowers and trees on campus park;E, civilized and polite22, teachers and visitors to take the initiative to say hello, smiling;; answer question to teachers, guests stand up, generous, humble, polite;;23, the use of good manners, please, please, you, Hello, thank you, no, no, no matter, goodbye;244, the use of body language: smile, shake hands, waving, clapping, right salute comity, stand up to answer questions;255, respect and help the old, young, sick, disabled, and walk out of the way, car seat, shopping, let;26, eat at home please elders sit, or your home or go home to parents to say hello;277, respect for teachers, teachers first comity long walk, criticism and education, the teacher, to listen to, don't argue, don't hit Dingding. Is there a problem, explain afterwards;28, do not casually into the classroom, into the teacher's office, to call the report;29, to unity and friendship among the students, and do not give students a nickname, do not bully the small students, students have difficulties, to help each other;30, the contradiction between students, to self-disciplined, and their more self broad-minded toward others, criticized;31, the male and female students exchanges to be dignified, generous nature;F, moral accomplishment32, dress and speech and deportment should pay attention to the occasion, do not wear slippers class and to participate in meetings, the party will not wear, with their age and identity copy does not match the clothes and ornaments. Not Hair Coloring, boys do not have long hair; girls do not perm perm, do not wear high heels. Pepe put into the school to school card, conversation good manners.33, no swearing, no profanity, no smoking, no drinking, no stealing, no gambling, no minors into the business of Internet cafes;34, form the habit of saving habits, advocate plain living, without ostentation and extravagance, not compare;35, without the consent of others, not to use other things, borrow things to be returned on time, damage to the compensation, pick up things to be handed over to the father;36, honest, trustworthy and commitment to the other side can not be done, to apologize and explain to the other side, to achieve understanding.Class quantitative assessment1, classroom discipline:Attendance: in the normal class or school for the mid-term exam during the period, absenteeism or absent 1 people class deducted 1 points, the 1 passengers arrive late or leave early leave class buckle, buckle points is not a plus.The classroom teacher in the class and the middle order: every stage during the exam, exam, exam, class or disorder, by the teacher to reflect the class is true, a deduction of 2 points. The class where self ZiXiKe classroom disorder, after examination to check real persons, a deduction of the class of 2 points.2, subject contest: where was awarded the National Award for the class of 110 points in the competition and all kinds of disciplines in the race, won the National Award for everyone the was 5; by the provincial award for the class of 6 points, a provincial award to the people was 3 by the municipal incentives;; give the class Gaga 4 points, a reward for municipal people for the year 2; by the excitation to the class level awards overtime 2 points, each grade award to the University by over 1 points.3, night repair management: attendance at 2 rising class. The students' attendance status by grade examination, a day after the summary of electronic text on Friday night to make room at night. The moral confusion class discipline, a deduction of 2 points, the late repair time stay outside the classroom students, according to the lack of from each treatment, 1 points deducted.4, class content class appearance:Each month by a group of Youth League, student organizations, inspection and assessment, who was awarded first prize for the year 66, two prize plus 5 points, third-prize prize plus 4 points, excellent prize plus 3 points.No serious implementation of the class, a deduction of 5 points.5, student instrument:Students should be simple and elegant appearance, do not stay with my age, identity does not conform to the hair, do not wear earrings, rings and necklaces and other ornaments, do not wear clothing does not conform to the identity of students, no makeup, not in the classroom without wearing a collarless sleeveless vest, the public does not wear drag slippers.Violation of the provisions of the deduction of 1 points per person.6, the title of honor and discipline:Was awarded the honorary title of the national class to the 550 points, at the national level to give the class Gaga 10; at the provincial level to the provincial class Gaga 20 points, to the class of Gaga 5; to the municipal level class plus 110 points, plus 33 points to the class university; for the class of 5 points, the 1 points to the class.This class of students who are law school discipline punishment, deducted 3 points. The class was detained by the public security organ such as punishment, deducted 20 points. If the class such as the emergence of major accidents, according to the relevant provisions of the school separately.7, good and good:Students or class of each body to do a good thing or a pickup thing like a class to the discretion to increase 0.. - 2 points, up 2 points reward collective activities encourage the highest limit, plus a week high of 2 points. If found to resort to deceit false, after examination and verification, to cancel the class this year the appraised qualifications.8, labor:The school's general room layout work task: after examination and verification, to complete the task, good class for each plus 2 points, to complete the task of the general class is not a plus no penalty, not to complete each task as the deduction of 2 points.9 classes, classrooms and each class is responsible for the staircase, corridor and health:The classroom and responsible for the staircase, corridor should be kept clean, every day by the Youth League, students will organize inspection, not clean, every time the button the class 1.10, property insurance:Every month the organization of the general affairs office of school class property, inspect the protection and use of facilities, such as property preservation good, to the class of 2 points. If Gaga man-made damage, except in addition to each class and school General Affairs Office of the signing of the contract in accordance with the provisions of compensation, but also quantitative deduction the deduction of the class. Check for damage in the classrooms of broadcasting and television system button 20; the damage of a blackboard plate deducted 10 points; the damage of a class desk or podium deducted 5 points; the damage of a bad chair or bench deducted 2 points; the damage of a glass button 2 for everyone.11, style competition:In the school field track and field campaign by the total score of the first group of 8 points, second plus 7 points, 6 third points, 5 fourth points, 4 fifth points, 3 sixth points, 2 seventh points, 1 eighth points.Won the first prize plus 88 points in the military parade, two prize plus 6 points, third-prize award outstanding awards plus 4 points, 2 points.In the school arts festival won first prize award two prize plus 8 points, 6 points, 33 prize plus 4 points, 2 points. Excellence AwardWhere a person on behalf of participate in sports competitions in various sports competitions and won the provincial than before eight, a person in the class to add 3 points;

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