复合句（定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句）
定语从句
考点一 关系代词引导的定语从句
1．whose是一个表示所属关系的词，在定语从句中作定语，of which可以代替whose指物，词序一般是名词＋of which或of which＋名词。of whom 可以代替whose指人，词序是名词＋of whom。
2．which，that所代替的先行词是表示事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。
先行词既有人又有物时，关系代词用that；
which代指前面整个句子内容。
3．who，whom，that这些词代替的先行词是表示人的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。
考点二 介词提前了的定语从句
1．与定语从句中的动词构成搭配。
2．与定语从句所修饰的先行词构成搭配。
3．of＋which/whom表示所属关系。(表所属关系也可用whose) 考点三 关系副词引导的定语从句
1．关系副词在定语从句中作状语，when指时间，where指地点，why指原因，在定语从句中分别作时间状语、地点状语和原因状语。
2．先行词是时间名词或地点名词时，如果在从句中不作状语，则不能用when或where引导定语从句，而要用which/that。
考点四 先行词为point, situation, case等的定语从句
point，situation，case，activity等，从表面上看它们不是表地点的，但却表示类似地点的意义，因此它们作先行词时，如果引导词在从句中作状语，那么这个引导词要用where；
如果不作状语，则用关系代词that/which。
名词性从句
考点一 主语从句
主语从句在主句中作主语，位于主句谓语动词之前，但多数情况下由it作形式主语，而把真正的主语放在句子的后面，其句型结构为：It＋be＋n./adj.＋that/whether/why/when＋从句。
考点二 同位语从句
1．同位语从句常放在fact，news，idea，truth，hope，problem，information，belief，thought，doubt 等名词的后面，是对前面的名词作进一步的解释，说明前面名词的具体含义。
2．同位语从句与定语从句的区别：
同位语从句是对前面名词的内容作进一步的解释、说明，引导词只起引导作用，不在句中作任何成分，一般不可省略。定语从句是对前面名词进行修饰、限制，引导词在句中作一定的句子成分。
考点三 表语从句
表语从句在句中作表语，位于主句的系动词之后。引导表语从句的连词有that，whether，as if；
疑问代词有who，what，which；
疑问副词where，why，when，how等。
考点四 “疑问词＋ever”与“no matter＋疑问词”的区别
1 “疑问词＋ever”与“no matter＋疑问词”虽然都有“无论……”的意思，但是用法有区别：“疑问词＋ever”既可以引导名词性从句也可引导状语从句，而“no matter＋疑问词只能用来引导状语从句。
状语从句
考点一 时间状语从句
1．表示时间的状语从句可以由when，whenever，as，while，before，until，ever since ，as soon as等词引导。
【温馨提示】when可表原因，意为“既然”。
How can you expect to learn anything when you never listen? 既然你什么也听不下去你怎么期望学东西呢？
2．as soon as，immediately，directly，instantly，the moment，the minute，the instant，no sooner...than...，hardly/scarcely...when...和once(一……就……)这些从属连词引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即就发生，常译为“一……就……”。从句中用一般时态代替将来时态。
3．no sooner...than和hardly...when引导的从句表示“刚……就……”。主句中的动词一般用过去完成时，从句用过去时。若把no sooner, hardly提到句首，主句须倒装。
考点二 条件状语从句
1．通常由if，unle如果不，除非，as(so)long as 只要，in case “结果，万一”等连词引导。
2．由on condition(that)；
provided(that)；
providing(that)(假若；
倘使)；
supposing(that)等引导的条件状语从句。
考点三 地点状语从句
1．通常由连词where和wherever引导，从句可位于主句之前，也可位于主句之后。
2．地点状语从句在句首时常兼有抽象条件意味。
Where there"s a will，there"s a way.
有志者事竟成。
考点四 让步状语从句
1.由although，though，as引导的状语从句although和though同义，用法基本相同。前者较正式，多置于句首；
后者较通俗、口语化。
【温馨提示】 as引导的让步状语从句多用于书面语，语序要倒装。
Child as he is, he knows a lot.尽管他是个孩子，但是他知道得很多。
2．even if, even though表示“即使，纵然”，有退一步设想的意味，多用于书面语中。
3．whether(...or)引导让步状语从句，提供两个或两个以上的假设。
4．由疑问词＋ever引导让步状语从句。
考点五 原因状语从句
原因状语从句常用because, since, as, for引导，还可用now that (既然)，considering that...(考虑到……)，not that...but that(不是因为……而是因为)等引导。
考点六 结果状语从句
结果状语从句由so that, so...that, such that, such...that等词引导。
2 复合句专项练习
1.The school shop, ________ customers are mainly students，is closed for the holidays.A.which
B.whose
C.when
D.where 【解析】答案：B 句意：这家校内商店放假时关门，它的顾客主要是学生。考查定语从句。本句没有并列连词也没有从属连词，故可判断逗号后面是非限制性定语从句；
本句先行词是the school shop，还原到从句后为：The school shop’s customers are mainly students.因此选B，用whose引导定语从句，关系代词whose在从句中作定语。
2.The old town has narrow streets and small houses ________ are built close to each other.A.they
B.where
C.what
D.that 【解析】答案：D 句意：这个古老的小镇拥有建造得彼此靠得很近的狭窄街道和小房子。本题考查定语从句。先行词是narrow streets and small houses，还原到从句中作主语，所以用关系代词that。A和C不能引导定语从句；
B是关系副词，不能作主语。
3.Julie was good at German, French and Ruian, all of ________ she spoke fluently.A.who
B.whom
C.which
D.that 【解析】答案：C 句意：Julie擅长德语、法语和俄语，所有的(三门语言)她都说得很流利。先行词为German，French，Ruian，代入定语从句后为：She spoke all of the three languages fluently.由此可见，先行词在定语从句中作of的宾语，先行词指“物”，且介词提前，故用which。
4.Mother bought many tomatoes from the market two days ago, ________ some have gone bad due to the bad weather.A.of those
B.from which
C.of which
D.in which 【解析】答案：C 考查定语从句。此处表示“其中的一些西红柿”，故用“介词＋关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句。
5.As a teacher, I seldom give my students so difficult a problem ________ they cannot work out.A.that
B.if
C.in order that
D.as 【解析】 答案：D 句意：作为老师，我很少给我的学生难以解决的问题。先行词为so difficult a problem，代入定语从句后为：They cannot work out so difficult a problem.由此可见先行词在定语从句中作宾语。“so或such＋名词”作先行词、且先行词在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语时，需用as引导定语从句。本题易误选为A项，用that引导状语从句，但状语从句应是完整的，所以，如选A项，题干应该为：As a teacher，I seldom give my students so difficult a problem that they cannot work it out.作为老师，我很少给我的学生如此难的问题以至他们不能解决。
3 6.It is still under discuion ___ the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.A.whether
B.when
C.which
D.where 【解析】答案：A 本题考查名词性从句。句意：那个旧公交车站是否应该被一家现代化宾馆所取代仍在讨论中。“It”作形式主语，“________ the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not”作真正的主语。根据句意及题干中的“or not”可知答案为whether，“whether...or not”在名词性从句中意为：是否。
7.She is very dear to us.We have been prepared to do ________ it takes to save her life.A.whichever
B.however
C.whatever
D.whoever 【解析】答案：C 句意：她对我们弥足珍贵。我们已经准备好尽一切努力挽救她的生命。这里的whatever既作take的宾语，也引导do后的宾语从句。
8.Being angry is OK, but knowing how to tell someone ________ made you angry is important.A.that
B.which
C.why
D.what 【解析】答案：D 考查名词性从句。句意：生气没什么，但是知道如何告诉别人什么导致你生气是很重要的。tell someone之后是宾语从句，且从句缺少主语，因此空处填what。
9.In recent years, there has been a heated argument about ________ it is neceary for children to learn English from an early age.A.whether
B.if
C.what
D.that 【解析】答案：A 考查宾语从句。空白处在介词about之后，表示“是否”之意，且在介词之后引导宾语从句，只能用whether，介词后通常不用if引导宾语从句。
10.The whole family were worried about Jane because no one was aware ________ she had gone.A.that where
B.of the place which
C.of what
D.of where 【解析】答案：D 句意：全家人都为詹妮担心，因为没人知道她去哪里了。be aware of知道，为固定搭配；
where引导的从句作介词of的宾语。
11.He had no sooner finished his speech ________ the students started cheering.A.since
B.as
C.when
D.than 【解析】答案：D 本题考查固定句式。句意：他刚做完演讲，学生们就开始欢呼起来。no sooner往往与than连用，意为：一……就……。故答案为D项。
12.As is reported, it is 100 years ________ Qinghua University was founded.A.when
B.before
C.after
D.since 【解析】答案：D 考查状语从句。句意：据报道，自从清华大学成立已经有100年了。这里用句式“It be＋一段时间＋since引导的状语从句”表示“自从……(到现在)有多长时间了”。
4 13.No matter how ________, it is not necearily lifele.A.a desert may be dry
B.dry a desert may be C.may a desert be dry
D.dry may a desert be 【解析】答案：B 本题考查让步状语从句。句意：无论沙漠可能会多么干燥，那里也未必没有生命。“no matter how＋形容词/副词＋主语＋谓语”构成让步状语从句。四个选项中只有B项符合要求。
14.Having checked everything, he sat down to do his homework, ________ he heard a lightening strike the electricity pole in the backyard.A.for
B.when
C.or
D.but 【解析】答案：B 考查连词。句意：检查了所有的东西之后，他坐下来开始写作业，这时他听到闪电击中了后院的电线杆的声音。此处用when表示“这时”。
15.If you are traveling __ the customs are really foreign to your own, please do as the Romans do.A.in which
B.what
C.when
D.where 【解析】答案：D 句意：如果你正在一个风俗迥异的地方旅行，请入乡随俗。where引导地点状语从句；
A项in which在定语从句的引导词，缺少先行词，所以不正确。
16.-- Could you please cut the price a little? -- Er ...________ you buy more than ten.A.even if
B.so long as
C.in case
D.as soon as 【解析】答案：B 句意：— 你能降一点价吗？— 呃……只要你买十个以上。so long as只要；
even if即便，即使；
in case以防万一；
as soon as一……就……。
17.It was foolish of you to take a taxi ________ you could easily walk there in five minutes.A.though
B.as long as
C.so that
D.when 【解析】答案：D 考查连词。句意：你五分钟就可以走到那儿的，可你还打的去，真是太傻了。根据语意可知此处用when引导状语从句，意为“既然，考虑到”。though意为“尽管，虽然”；
as long as意为“只要”；
so that意为“为了”，都不符合题意。
18.________ one is fully prepared, out door sports can sometimes mean injuries.A.Until
B.Because
C.When
D.Unle 【解析】答案：D 考查连词辨析。句意：要是没有充分准备的话，户外运动有时会意味着受伤。根据语意选D项，表示“如果不……；
除非……”。
19.There she was, standing exactly ________ I had left her, crying bitterly.A.when
B.that
C.where
D.in which 5 【解析】答案：C 考查状语从句。句意：她就站在我刚才离开她的那个地方悲痛地哭。where I had left her是地点状语从句。
20.The new teacher was so well organized that she began ________ we stopped yesterday so that no point was left out.A.when
B.in which
C.how
D.where 【解析】答案：D 考查状语从句。句意：这位新老师条理非常清楚，她从我们昨天停止的地方开始，没有遗漏要点。where we stopped yesterday是状语从句。
21.-- Could you do me a favour?
-- It depends on ________ it is.
A.which
B.whichever
C.what
D.whatever 【解析】答案：C what在此导宾语从句，what在宾语从句中用作表语，句意为：这要看是什么(即这要看你要我帮什么忙)。
22.________ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships. A.No matter what
B.No matter which
C.Whatever
D.whichever 【解析】答案：D 从句意上看，应一个表示“无论哪一个”的选项，因此B和D比较合适，但No matter which只用于引导状语从句，不用于引导名词性从句，故不能选B。
23.-- It’s thirty years since we last met.
-- But I still remember the story, believe it or not, ________ we got lost on a rainy night. A.which
B.that
C.what
D.when 【解析】答案：B that在此引导同位=语从句，修饰名词the story。此题的难点是，其中插入了believe it or not，使问题变得复杂了。
24.See the flags on top of the building? That was ________ we did this morning. A.when
B.which
C.where
D.what 【解析】答案：D what在此引导表语从句，同时what在表语从句中用作动词did的宾语，其意相当于did the thing that。
25.A warm thought suddenly came to me ________ I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother’s birthday.
A.if
B.when
C.that
D.which 【解析】答案：C that在此引导同位语从句，修饰名词thought。此题的难点是，名词thought与修饰它的同位语从句被分离开了。
26.The factory was built in a secret place, around ______ high mountains. 6 A.which was
B.it was
C.which were
D.them were
【解析】答案：C 容易误选A 或B, 将A、B 中的 which和 it 误认为是其后句子的主语。around which were high mountains是一个由 “介词+which” 引出的非限制性定语从句，而在该从句中，主语是 high mountains, around which是表语，所以句子谓语应用复数were，而不是用单数 was。
请做下面一组题（答案均为C ）：
（1）Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around _______ some fruit shops.
A.which is
B.it is
C.which are
D.them are （2）The murder happened in an old building, beside ______ the city police station.
A.which are
B.it is
C.which is
D.them are （3）Next month we’ll move to a new building, next to _______ a nice restaurant where we can have Chinese food.
A.which are
B.it is
C.which is
D.them are 27.A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around ______ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?”
A.that
B.which
C.where
D.what
【解析】答案：C 容易误选 B，认为around 是介词，选which用以代替前面的名词hospital, 在此用作介词 around 的宾语。以上语法分析并不算错，但问题是，照此分析，此句的意思即为：有没有这样一个医院，我在它的附近可以买药治我的手伤？这样的语境显然有点不合情理，因为人们通常是在医院里面治伤，而不是在医院附近治伤。此题选 C的理由是：句中的 around 不是介词，而是副词, 意为 “在附近”；
其后的 where引导定语从句用以修饰其前的地点名词 hospital, 句意为：附近有没有一家医院，我可以去买药治我的手伤？ 28._____ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. A.It
B.As
C.That
D.What
【解析】答案：B 容易误选 A，认为此处应填一个形式主语。as 引导的是一个非限制性定语从句。比较下面一题：
_______ is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.
A.It
B.As
C.That
D.What
此题答案选 A，it为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的 that 从句。再比较下面一组题，其中第（1）题选 B，第（2）题选 D：
7 （1）______ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior school is increasing.A.Which
B.As
C.That
D.It （2）______ is mentioned above that the number of the students in senior school is increasing.
A.Which
B.As
C.That
D.It 29.Our company will move to a tall building _______ has just been complete.
A.which
B.when
C.how
D.where 【解析】答案：A which 在定语从句中用作主语。
30.Our company will move to a tall building _______ we worked two years ago. A.where
B.when
C.that
D.which 【解析】答案：A where 在定语从句中用作状语。
附加题
1.David is such a good boy _______ all the teachers like.
A.that
B.who
C.as
D.whom 【陷阱】此题容易误选A，许多同学一看到题干中的such，再联系到选项中的 that，便认为这是考查such…… that ……句式。况且，这样理解意思也还通顺。最佳答案为C, 不是A, 因为在such…… that ……（如此……以至……）结构中，that引导的是结果状语从句，并且 that 在从句中不充当句子成分，若在上句填入 such …… that ……，句末的动词 like 缺宾语。选C 的理由如下：as用作关系代词，用以引导定语从句，修饰其前的名词 boy，同时 as在定语从句中用作动词 like 的宾语，句意为 “所有老师都喜欢的一位好男孩”。有的同学可能还会问，假若选A, 能否将其后的 that 视为引导定语从句的关系代词呢？不能，因为当先行词受到 such 的修饰时，其后的定语从句应用关系代词 as 来引导，而不用that。
比较下面一题，答案为A, 因为 like 后有自己的宾语 him。
David is such a good boy _______ all the teachers like him.A.that
B.who
C.as
D.whom 请再做以下试题（答案选D）：
It was not such a good dinner _______ she had promised us.
A.like
B.that
C.which
D.as 2.The buses, most of _______ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd.
A.that
B.it
C.them
D.which
【陷阱】容易误选 C, 用 them 代指 the buses。
最佳答案是D。most of which were already full为非限制性定语从句，修饰 the buses。类似地，以下各题也选D。
8 （1）His house, for _______ he paid $10, 000, is now worth $50, 000.A.that
B.it
C.them
D.which （2）Ashdown forest, through _______ we’ll be driving, isn’t a forest any longer.
A.that
B.it
C.them
D.which
（3）This I did at nine o’clock, after _______ I sat reading the paper.
A.that
B.it
C.them
D.which 类似地, 以下各题选 whom, 不选 them: （4）George, with _______ I played tennis on Sundays, was a warm-hearted person.
A.that
B.him
C.them
D.whom
（5）Her sons, both of ______ work abroad, will come back home this summer.
A.that
B.who
C.them
D.whom （6）I met the fruit-pickers, several of _______ were still university students.
A.that
B.who
C.them
D.whom 3.He had thousands of students, many of ______ gained great succe in their own field.
A.whom
B.them
C.which
D.who
【陷阱】容易误选 B，用 them 代指 students。最佳答案是A，many of whom gained great succe in their own field为非限制性定语从句。假若在many of ……的前面加上连词and，则选答案B.比较以下各题（答案均选A ）: （1）He asked a lot of questions, none of ______ was easy to answer.
A.which
B.them
C.what
D.that
（2）He asked a lot of questions, and none of ______ was easy to answer.
A.them
B.which
C.what
D.that （3）He told me that he had two girl-friends, neither of _______ knew anything about the other.A.whom
B.them
C.which
D.who （4）He told me that he had two girl-friends, and neither of ____ knew anything about the other.A.them
B.whom
C.which
D.who 4.He had a lot of friends, only a few of ______ invited to his wedding.A.whom
B.them
C.which
D.who
【陷阱】容易误选 A, 认为这是非限制性定语从句。最佳答案是B, 这不是非限制性定语从 句，而是一个独立主格结构，因为空格后的动词 invited并不是一个完整的谓语，而是一个 过去分词。当然，假若在 invited前加上助动词 were, 则是一个非限制性定语从句, 答案
9 便应选A。比较：
（1）They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _______ carried out in their work.
A.which
B.them
C.what
D.that 答案选B, none of them carried out in their work是独立主格结构，carried out 为过去分词。
（2）They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _____ were carried out in their work.A.which
B.them
C.what
D.that 答案选A, none of them were carried out in their work 是非限制性定语从句，注意与上例比较 句中多了一个助动词were.
（3）They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, but none of __ were carried out in their work.A.which
B.them
C.what
D.that
答案选B, 由于两句之间增加了一个并列连词but, 使得该句成了一个并列句。
5.On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, ____ parents seated together joking.A.their
B.whose
C.which
D.that 【陷阱】容易误选, 认为这是非限制性定语从句。最佳答案是A。与上面一题相似，their parents seated together joking不是非限制性定语从句，而是一个独立主格结构，因为空格后 的动词seated不是谓语，而是一个过去分词，因为 seat 作动词用时，是及物动词。比较以 下相似题：
（1）On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents were seated together joking.
A.their
B.whose
C.which
D.that 选B。whose parents were seated together joking 为非限制性定语从句，因为其后有完整的谓语 were seated.
（2）On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, and _______ parents were seated together joking.
A.their
B.whose
C.which
D.that 选A。因为句中有并列连词and, 整个句子为并列句。
（3）On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ parents sitting together joking.A.their
B.whose
C.which
D.that 选A。their parents sitting together joking 为独立主格结构。
（4）On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, ____ parents sat together joking.A.their
B.whose
C.which
D.that 10 选B。whose parents sat together joking 为非限制性定语从句，因为句中有完整的谓语sat。
（5）On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents were sitting together joking.
A.their
B.whose
C.which
D.that 选B。whose parents were sitting together joking为非限制性定语从句，因为句中有完整的谓语 were sitting。
6.If the man is only interested in your looks, _____ just shows how shallow he is.
A.as
B.which
C.what
D.that
【陷阱】容易误选A 或B, 认为这是非限制性定语从句。正确答案为D ，注意逗号前是一个条件状语从句，逗号后是该状语从句的主句，that在此代表前文所述的情况，用作主句的主语。类似地，下面几道题也选 that, 而不选 which：
（1）If you promise to go with us, _____ will be OK.
A.as
B.which
C.and it
D.that （2）If you want a double room, _____ will cost another￡15.
A.as
B.which
C.what
D.that （3）Whether you go or not, _______ is quite all right with me.
A.that
B.which
C.and it
D.so （4）When I say two hours, _____ includes time for eating.
A.as
B.which
C.what
D.that 7.She says that she’ll never forget the time _ she’s spent working as a secretary in our company.
A.which
B.when
C.how
D.where 【陷阱】容易误选B, 机械地认为时间名词后必须用关系副词when，地点名词后用关系副词 where.正确答案为A.在时间名词和地点名词后是否用关系副词要看它在定语从句中充当什么句子成分。一般说来，若用作主语或宾语，用关系代词；
若用作状语，则用关系副词。上面一题中的动词 spent缺宾语，故应用关系代词 which或that。比较下面一组题：
（1）She says that she’ll never forget the time _______ she works as a secretary in our company.
A.which
B.when
C.how
D.where 选B。由于空格后的句子不缺少主语或宾语，所以选关系副词when。
（2）Our company will move to a tall building _______ we bought last month.
A.which
B.when
C.how
D.where 选A。which在定语从句中用作动词 bought 的宾语。
中考专题复习《宾语从句》教案
设计人：王晶晶
一、课 标 要 求
掌握宾语从句引导词的用法 掌握宾语从句的语序 掌握宾语从句的时态
二、教 学 重 点
宾语从句引导词、时态与语序的用法
三、教 学 难 点
if/when引导的是宾语从句还是状语从句 宾语从句中的“否定转移”现象
四、教 具
多媒体课件
五、教 学 过 程
考点一:考查宾语从句的引导词
引导宾语从句的关联词主要有:that,if ,whether,what,who,which,how,where,when,why等．
对引导词的选择要注意三点：
１．陈述句变为宾语从句时，引导词用that,口语中that常省略，无实义；
２．一般疑问句变为宾语从句时，引导词用if或whether,意为“是否”（注意：当和or not连用时必须用whether) ; ３．特殊疑问句变为宾语从句时，用特殊疑问词作引导词，其意义要以特殊疑问词本身的含义来确定．
考点二:考查宾语从句的语序
宾语从句的语序要用陈述语序,即主谓语序.Do you know where he lives? Can you tell me when the plane will arrive? I don’t know if/whether he will come.He asked how we could get there. 考点三：考查宾语从句的时态
1.主句是一般现在时态，从句的时态要根据句意而定，该用什么时态
就用什么时态．例如；
where he lives.I want to know what he is doing in the garden. when he will come here. how long he has been in China.
2.主句是一般过去时态，从句的时态要变成相应的过去时态．例如: where he lived.（一般现在时变为一般过去时） I wanted to know what he was doing .(现在进行时变为过去进行时) when he would come here.(一般将来时变为过去将来时) how long he had been in China.(现在完成时变为过去完成时) 注意:当宾语从句是客观真理自然规律时,不管主句用什么时态,从句总用一
般现在时. The teacher told us that the earth goes round the sun.考点四：考查宾语从句的“否定转移”现象 在“I think/believe/suppose+that”从句中，对从句的否定往往前移到主句的谓语部分，习惯上称为“否定转移”．
选一选
--Shall we invite our teacherto the party? --That’s a good idea.But I_____think she_____come. A.don’t; will B./;won’t C.won’t; will D.do; won’t 考点五：考查if/when引导的是宾语从句还是状语从句 试比较一:I don’t know if he will come tomorrow. (if “是否”，引导宾语从句．时态：根据句意该用什么时态就用什么时态） If he comes, we will go to the zoo．
（if“如果”，引导条件状语从句．时态：主句将来时，从句一般现在时） 试比较二：I have no idea when he will come. （when“什么时候”，引导宾语从句） I will tell you when he comes. (when“当...的时候”,引导时间状语从句) 限时小测验
1.Do you remember________?
A.where did you buy the dictionary B.where you bought the dictionary C.where do you buy the dictionary D.where you buy the dictionary 2.—Could you tell me __________? -Sorry, I don’t know.You can ask the Policeman over there. A.where the science museum is B.how can I get to the science museum C.where is the science museum D.the science museum is where 3.Can you tell us ________________________? A.If your father does B.what does your father do C.Your father does what D.what your father does 4.Do you know ____________________? A.what are you listening B.what you are listening C.What you are listening to D.what are you listening to 5.I don’t know if his uncle____.I think he_____if it doesn’t rain. A.will come, comes B.will come, will come C.comes, comes D.comes, will come 6.I don’t know when Mr Green_______.When he _____,you must tell me. A.comes back, comes back B.will come back, comes back C.will come back, will come back D.comes back, will come back 7.We don’t know if it_______tomorrow.If it______, we will go hiking. A.will rain, won’t rain B.rains, doesn’t rain C.will rain, doesn’t rain D.rains, won’t rain 8．--Shall we invite our teacherto the party? --That’s a good idea.But I_____think she_____come. A.don’t; will B./;won’t C.won’t; will D.do; won’t 9.My uncle remembered＿＿＿＿＿．
A.when we moved to the town B.when did we move to the town C.when we move to the town D.when do we move to the town 10.We were told that light______much faster than sound. A.Travelled B.travels C.was D.will be 11.—Could you tell us how long___________? -About three days. A.does the sports meeting last B.the sports meeting lasts C.will the sports meeting last D.the sports meeting will last 12.Mr King didn’t know_____yesterday evening. A.when does his son come back B.when his son comes back C.when did his son come back D.when his son came back 13.They wondered if the teacher____them some English songs the next week A.would teach B.had taught C.will teach D.taught 14.--Could you tell me___ she is looking for? --Her cousin, Sue. A.that B.whose C.who D.which 15.Do you know___ we will talk about at tomorrow’s meeting? A.what B.that C.where D.how 16.The teacher asked me___I needed any help. A.whether B.that C.what D.which
宾语从句教学设计 板书：He knows me.He knows what’s wrong with his wife.
说出2个句子的宾语。
说出2个句子的宾语是词（词组）还是句子。
第一个句子的宾语是一个词构成的，第二个句子的宾语是一个句子，我们称这种做宾语的句子叫宾语从句。其中 he knows 叫主句，what’s wrong with him是从句。
说出下面4个句子的主句和从句。
A．He said that he had a very good journey home.B．He asked if /whether they had come.C．He told me that the earth goes around the sun.D．He asked me how he could get to the nearest post office.总结：。。是主句，剩下的是由that，if，how引导的宾语从句。
初步认识了宾语从句，下面我们开始了解宾语从句的三要素 引导词（连接词） 语序 时态
1） 从属连词that引导陈述句宾语从句，在口语或者非正式语中可以被省略 比如上面四句话中的A,C就是that引导的陈述句的宾语从句。如果省略掉that，该如何修改。（让学生口头修改） 2）由从属连词 whether, if 引导一般疑问句的宾语从句，表示“是否”，比如上面的B就是由if引导的宾语从句，
3）由连接代词
who,whom,whose,which,what, whoever, whichever, whatever 和连接副词 where, how, why,when引导的宾语从句
代词或副词连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略，比如上面的D。
注意：关于是否if/whether .Whether,if 引导宾语从句：两词可互换，但是下列情形除外：
1)．whether从句中有or not
2)．whether从句做介词宾语
3) whether后可以加or not,但是if不可以.
4) 在不定式前只能用whether.
（如：I can’t decide whether to stay.我不能决定是否留下。）
5) 避免歧异时，我们常用whether而不用if.Paper课堂
1.I asked her __________ she had a bike.2.We’re worried about ________ he is safe.3.I don’t know ________ or not he is well.4.I don’t know _______ to go. 继续观察上面的四句话，请问宾语从句的语序有什么特点？（陈述句语序）不管原来的句子是陈述句，一般疑问句还是特殊疑问句，放在宾语从句里都是陈述句语序。
（板书）改写宾语从句。
陈述句Doctor Li is very patient.
It is well- known that _____.一般疑问句Is Doctor Li very patient? John wants to know __________(用if或者whether引导) 特殊疑问句How is Doctor LI? John wants to know ____ 练习
Part 1 课堂练习 （paper）
Mike gets up at seven in the morning.He says that--- Mike gets up at seven in the morning
The teacher asks-- if Mike gets up at seven in the morning..The teacher asks what time--- Mike gets up in the morning.
我们已经了解了宾语从句的引导词和语序，下面我们来学习下宾语从句的时态。
（卡片，贴在上面时态的旁边）口诀：主现从任意
主过从过去 从真理用现在 一张paper发 朗读并且分析主句从句的时态 1． 主句用现在时，从句可用任意时态。可归纳为“主现从任意”
Do you know what time the ship leaves? Do you know when John was born? Do you know if John has paed his exams? 2． 主句用过去时，从句用过去的某个时态。可归纳为“主过从过去” He said he had a very good journey home.He asked if they had come.
3．主句用过去时，从句是科学真理、客观常识、名人格言时用一般现在时。
He told me that the earth goes around the sun.(自然真理客观现象) He didn’t know that summer comes after spring when he was five years old.
注意：4情态动词could/would用于，“请求”，表示委婉、客气的语气时，从句不受主句的约束。
Could you tell me where I can buy a pencil sharpener?
5主句是一般过去时，从句中有具体的过去时间状语，即使从句动作发生在主句动作前，仍用一般过去时。
• The teacher told me she was born in 1960.• I heard that he went to Paris last night.宾语从句的一些特殊句式
• 1动词think, find, consider, believe, feel, make等后it为形式宾语，后跟名词或形容词作宾补，而真正的宾语——that从句则放在句尾） We think it our duty that we should help others.I find it impoible that he should finish the work in two days.
2.否定转移
若主句主语为第一人称且谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, gue, imagine等，其后的宾语从句含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。
I think he won’t come here.
(
) I don’t think he will come here.
(
)
2.当宾语从句的引导词正好做主语的时候，语序不变，比如常用的what和who Could you tell me who knows the answer，please？
The small children don"t know what is in their stockings What’s wrong?（what was wrong） What’s the matter?（what was the matter）
What’s happening? What happened? eg:
I don’t know what’s the matter.I don’t know what the matter is.(F) Can you tell me who is over there?（who做主语） Can you tell me who he is ? （who做表语） 连接词
语序
引导词+主语+谓语 时态
宾宾
语语
从从
句句
一 .定义
简单的说 , 宾语从句就是一个或是几个从句充当主句中的宾语成分。
二 .主要类型
11））
..由由连连接接代代词词或或连连接接副副词词引引导导。。
连接代词或连接副词引导的从句只是在某些动词后能用作宾语，这些动词有see , say , tell , ask , answer , know , decide , wonder , understand , discu , show等等：
e.g Do you know what he has said ?
Can you tell me which cla you are in ? Do you know what kind of person she is ? Let’s see how we can finish the hard work .
Have you decided whom you would visit tomorrow ? Please show me where your paport is . Lucy still wondered why he couldn’t pa the exam .
22））
..
由由连连词词
wwhheetthheerr
或或
iiff
引引导导。。（（口口语语中中常常用用
iiff
））
e.g She asked me if she could borrow these books . Lily wanted to know if / whether her grandma liked the handbag . 注：1)中所列的动词后也常可用 whether , if 引导的从句作宾语；
e.g I’m wondering if the letter is over - weight .I don’t know whether this answer is right .
另外，这种从句前面有时还可以另有宾语。
e.g Please tell me which book I should read first .
You may ask the man over there how you can get to the bus stop .
Did she say anything about how the work was to be done ？
33))由由tthhaatt引引导导。。（（
在在口口语语或或非非正正式式文文体体中中常常省省略略
））
e.g He knew ( that ) he should work hard . He said ( that ) he would like to see the Headmaster .
注意：在某些句型中，特别是带复合宾语的句子中，that 引导的从句常常移到后面去，前面用一个 it 作形式上的宾语。(但是，有时 it 也可以省略）
e.g We all thought it a pity that she couldn’t come .
I took his word for it that he would try his best to help us .（他说他要想一切办法帮我们，我相信他说的是真话。）
I take it that we are to leave early .（我想我们动身是会很早的。）
三 .宾语从句中应该注意的一些情况
11..引引导导词词
由陈述句变来的宾语从句，用连词 that 等引导，并且在口语中常常省略此词：
e.g He said （ that ）he had a new dictionary . I know ( that ) Lucy can play football very well .
但是，如果 that 引导的是几个表示并列关系的宾语从句时，最后一个 that 不能省略。
e.g I know ( that ) Tom comes from France and that he teaches in Guilin now .由一般疑问句转换而来的宾语从句，用 whether 或 if 引导，并且两词可以互用。但是 whether 可以和 or not 连用，而 if 不能。
e.g I want to know whether ( if ) she still lives there . Please tell me whether you can come or not . 由特殊疑问句变来的宾语从句，由特殊疑问词 who , whom , whose , which , when , where , why , how 等引导 。
e.g I don’t know whose book it is .The teacher asked what was happening .Do you know where our English teacher lives ? He wanted to know why you can play the piano so well .2
2..
语语句句的的顺顺序序
无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都是运用陈述句的语序，即是“主语在前，谓语在后”的顺序。
e.g Could you tell me how I can get to the Science Museum ? He asked him where he came from . Did you know what’s the name of the handsome boy in the claroom yesterday？
Please tell me where I can buy the beautiful flower .3
3..
时时态态的的变变化化
.当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的意思来使用需要的任何一种时态。
e.g I hear ( that ) Tom has been to Guilin twice . I hear ( that ) she will come tomorrow . I hear ( that ) Jim went to work an hour ago . I hear ( that ) he is interested in English .当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。
e.g He said ( that ) he would go to Xi’an .
He said ( that ) he was ill yesterday . He said ( that ) he was reading a book . He said ( that ) he had had supper already .当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现在时态。
e.g He said that the sun is much bigger than the moon . The teacher told the students that no news is good news . The PE teacher said that doing morning exercise is useful to our health .4
4..
标标点点符符号号
宾语从句末尾的标点符号由主句决定，不受从句的限制。如果主句是陈述句或者是祈使句时用句号；
而主句是疑问句时，句末则用问号。
e.g He asked me if / whether I could help him .Do you know where Li Ping is ? Please tell me which colour you like best . Could you tell me how to go the No.28 Middle School ? Would you please tell the teacher how old you are ?
5
5..
宾宾语语从从句句的的否否定定形形式式
一般而言，宾语从句的否定式与一般句子的否定式是一样的。但若主句谓语动词是 think , expect , believe , gue , imagine , suppose 等表示“认为，猜想”的词时，一般要把宾语从句中的否定式转移到主句中。
e.g I don’t think it’s going to rain .I don’t believe she will lend you the money .
但是，如果主句中的谓语动词是 hope ，则不适用于这种规则。
e.g I hope he won’t come .
66
..
宾宾语语从从句句中中的的特特殊殊情情形形
在把简单句变为复合句的练习中，千万要注意：
句式的转变：若原句是祈使句，不能用宾语从句改写，而应该用 “ ask sb.to do sth.” 的句式。
e.g Don’t open the door .（用 they 作主语变为宾语从句）
They ask not to open the door . 代词的变化：如果将某人的原话变为宾语从句时，我们就应该考虑代词的变化。
e.g “ I come from Canada ” , Lucy says .
—— Lucy says that she comes from Canada .若由一般疑问句或特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，应该用陈述句语序。具体如下：当助动词是 does 或 did 时，要去掉助动词，并把动词恢复为第三人称单数形式或过去式；
当是其它的助动词时，则要把这些助动词放在主语的后面。
e.g I asked Tom , “ What do you like best ? ”
—— I asked Tom what he liked best . The teacher asked me : “ Have you read the book ? ”
—— The teacher asked me if I have read the book . He asked , “ Who can carry the box ? ”
—— He asked who could carry the box . 五 .专项练习
1、Do you know how much hot water ______ ? A．Mum is needed B．does Mum need C．Mum needs D．did Mum need
2、Can you tell me ______ ? A．where he is B．where is he C．he is where D．what is he
3、I didn’t know how ______ to London? A．would they go B．are they going C．they would go D．they are going
4、I want to know how long ______ .
A．has he been back B．has he come back C．he has been back D．he has come back
5、Do you know ______ ? A．what the news are B．what is the news C．what the news is D．what are the news 6.______ is true that she may fall behind the others. A.There B.This C.That D.It 7.The foreign friends think ______ the Chinese people are very friendly. A.that B.if C.since D.because
8.I’d like to know ______ Chinese. A.when he began to learn
B.when did he begin to learn C.when did he begin learning
D.for how long he began to learn 9.The teacher asked us ______ the claroom after school. A.cleaned B.clean C.to clean D.cleans
参考答案：
CACCC CAAC
（广西壮族自治区桂林市高新区穿山中学
褚继荣
ianchu1172@sina.com
http://ienglish.yeah.net/ ）
宾语从句教案
This leon we will learn object clause.I divided my leon into three parts: the structure of a sentence, what is object clause, then do some practice.First, let’s come to the first one.Sentence structure:
What is subject: it refers what’s the sentence talking about.And it is usually put at the first of the sentence. E.g.1.I enjoy reading.2.Playing basketball is interesting.3.Lily loves running.We know that the subject is “I, Playing basketball, Lily”
Next is what’s the verb.Verb meaning how’s the object or what’s the subject doing.Look at the example sentences, we know that the verb is “enjoy, is, loves” Then let’s come to the object.It refers to the result of the verb.And usually put behind the verbs or prep.We get to know “reading, interesting, running” is the object.Ok, let’s come to here.One sentence: I know you.We just learn that I is the subject.Know is the verb, and you is the object.We call this sentence simple sentence.Let’s look at another sentence: I know who you are.We know I is the subject, know is verb and who you are is the object, right? So It change ya word into a sentence who you are, we call this object clause.Then who is the introducer, and you is the subject of the clause, are is the verb of the clause.I know is the main sentence and who you are is the object clause.接下来我们学习宾语从句的定义：宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。
宾语从句的结构为：主句+引导词+宾语从句。
接下来我们看到下面四个句子：1.I"m afraid that I can"t remember your name.2.He wondered whether you went to school yesterday.3.Lily knew why she came here.4.My teacher told me how I can get the right answer.然后学生找出宾语从句的引导词，然后找出宾语从句。
接下来讲解宾语从句三要素：引导词，语序，时态。在这里特别提醒同学们注意第三点时态。
引导词：that连接陈述句 if/whether连接一般疑问句
特殊疑问词如what, how, when, why, how much...连接特殊疑问句 语序：尤其注意，从句一定使用陈述语序。
时态：
1.主句：现在时态
从句：时态可根据实际情况而定 eg.I know she went to Beijing yesterday.2.主句：过去时态
从句：相应的过去时态
eg.Mike believed that Ken couldn"t finish the work alone.3.客观事实，真理，公式，定理时
从句：一般现在时
eg.She told me that the earth turns around the earth.练习题：
Lucy asked ___there was a match on TV
A.that
B. if
C.how
D.what He didn’t say___this afternoon.
A.that he will go there
B.how will he come
C.whether he would go there
D if he will go there I don’t know if he___.If he ___,please call me.
A .will come;comes
B.comes;will come
C. will come;will come
D.comes;comes 最后check answer：BCA Thanks for your listening.
定语从句
Eg: It is the only man-made structure.
The man-made structure can be seen from space.
--- It is the only man-made structure (which can be seen from space.) 定语从句放在名词或代词后面
被修饰的名词或代词称作先行词, 不再出现在从今中。
Which 等被称作关系代词 限制性定从和非限制性定从 My mother who is a doctor works hard.My mother, who is a doctor, works hard.
which 指sth.; 做主语和宾语 Bi Feng Tang seems very clean.Bi Feng Tang is opposite our school.--- Bi Feng Tang which is opposite our school seems very clean.
The school uniform fits us well.The tailor made the uniform for us.--- The school uniform which the tailor made for us fits us well.
who 指sb.; 做主语
The man is standing there.The man is our maths teacher.--- The man who is standing there is our maths teacher.whom 指sb.; 做宾语 This is our teacher.I like the teacher best.--- This is our teacher whom I like best.
that 指sb./sth.; 做主语和宾语
Bi Feng Tang which/that is opposite our school seems very clean.The school uniform which/that the tailor made for us fits us well.The man who/that is standing there is our maths teacher.This is our teacher whom/that I like best.
Note：
1） 做宾语的which / that / whom 可以省略
Bi Feng Tang which/that is opposite our school seems very clean.The school uniform （which/that） the tailor made for us fits us well.The man who/that is standing there is our maths teacher.This is our teacher （whom/that） I like best.
1 2） 只用that 的几种情况 （与which对应） *先行词含形容词最高级
This is the most difficult exam (that) I have ever experienced.*先行词由序数词修饰
This is the first place (that) I visited in shanghai.*先行词由all, only修饰
This is the only place (that) I visited in shanghai.
*先行词为不定代词all, everything, something, nothing, anything, little, much 等 That is all (that) I want to say.*先行词指人和物
We always talk about the students and things that are remembered in the former school. That可以省略
Mary is the only girl (whom/that) John has ever loved.介词提前只用which / whom, 不用that
This is man about whom we are talking./ This is the man (whom/that) we are talking about.This is the museum to which we pay a visit./ This is the museum (which/that) we pay a visit to.*This is the person whom/that we depend on.(T) This is the person on whom we depend.(F)
EX: 1 The students ___ you teach are now doing an experiment in the lab.2 A friend ___ helps you in time of need is a real one.3 The force ___ causes everything to fall toward the ground is called gravity.4 Would you mind lending me the bike ____ you have just bought? 5 The person ___ they are talking with in the offices is Mr.Li, their English teacher.6 Those ___ want to go to the Great Wall may go with us next Sunday.7 The woman to ___ I am sending this parcel is my aunt.8 The first thing ___ you must do well in school is to study hard.9 The last time ___ she came to China was on Oct.1,2000.10 There is little ___ we can do to help him out.
2 whose
The hero whose left leg was lost in the war is well looked after. We prefer the claroom whose windows face south.*On the hill were maple trees whose leaves had turned red.
…the leaves of which…
…of which the leaves… EX: What’s the addre of the factory _____ ad we noticed yesterday? I saw some trees _____ leaves were black with disease.It was a meeting _____ importance I didn’t realize at the time.
关系副词
when/where/why = 介词＋关系代词 when
I still remember the day when we first met.(when = on which) I still remember the day (that/which) we spent together.
where
The city where I was born is very beautiful.(in which) The city (that/which) I visited last year is very beautiful.
why
This is the reason why he left the company.(for which) The is the reason (that/which) he gave me.
EX
1 I like to take my vacation in the mountain _____ is quiet and beautiful. I like to take my vacation in the mountain _____ there are many plants.2 We will never forget the day _____ we worked.
We will never forget the day _____ we spent together.3 That is the reason _____ he gave us for his action.
That is the reason ____ why he did that thing.
3 非限制性定语从句
*The island ,which is at the mouth of the river, is being developed as a scenic spot.*My son, who is surgeon, is now in Sweden as a visiting scholar.*Mr.Baker, whom the teachers and students respect, has completed forty years of teaching.*The house, where/in which my family lives now, was left by my grandfather.*The year 1968, when/in which the American astronauts first landed on the moon, was important in history.*My sister, with whom I went to the concert last night, will leave soon.
注：
1 that, why 不用在非限制性定语从句中
2 *These books, two of _____ I have read, are interesting.
The audience, most of _____ were college students, enjoyed the concert.
*The teachers speak highly of the workbooks, all of _____ have come out.
The teachers speak highly of the workbooks.All of _____ have come out.
The old woman has two sons, both of _____ are engineers.
The old woman has two sons.Both of _____ are engineers.3 当先行词为整个句子时，用which 或as
She is a teacher, which/as is clear from his manner.
*当从句位于句首，只用as
As is natural, she married an American busineman.
*表示“正如…”时，只用as
As we all know/As is known to all, natural resources are very limited on the earth.
As was expected/As we expected, he did it succefully.
定语从句和强调句的区别：
1 It is in this claroom_____ the students study every day.2 It is the claroom _____ the students study every day.3 It is on Sunday _____ we have a good time with our parents.4 It is Sunday _____ we get home.
4 练习：
1 Can you tell me the name of the factory _______ you visited last week? A what
B where
C /
D when 2 It was in the bookstore ______ I met your brother the other day. A where
B that
C in which
D in that 3 Wilma became the first American woman to win three Olympic gold medals in track, _____ made her mother very proud. A it
B that
C which
D this 4 I shall never forget those years _____ I lived in the country with the farmers, ____ has a great effect on my life. A that…which
B when…which
C which…that
D when…who
5 Was it in 1969 _____ the American astronaut succeeded ______ landing on the moon? A when…on
B that…on
C when…in
D that…in
6 _____ is known to all, China will be an ______ and powerful country in 20or 30 years" time. A That…advancing
B This…advanced
C As…advanced
D It…advancing
7 In the office, I never seem to have time until after 5:30 p.m., _______ many people have gone home. A whose time
B that
C on which
D by which time 8 He made another wonderful discovery, _____ of great importance to science. A which I think is
B which I think it is
C which I think it
D I think which is
9 He was very rude to the Customs officer, ______ of course made things even worse. A who
B whom
C what
D which 10 _____ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior high schools is increasing. A Which
B As
C That
D It
11 It was ______ he said _______ disappointed me. A what…that
B that…that
C what…what
D that…what
12 Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _______ was very reasonable. A which price
B the price of which
C its price
D the price of whose 13 Have you seen the film "Titanic", ______ leading actor is world famous? A its
B it"s
C whose
D which 14 It was for this reason ______ her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village. A which
B why
C that
D how 15 He"s got himself into a dangerous situation ______ he is likely to lose control over the plane. A where
B which
C while
D why 16 Alec asked the policeman _______ he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident. A with him
B who
C with whom
D whom 17 It is these poisonous products _____ can cause the symptoms of the flu, such as headache and aching muscles. A when
B that
C how
D what 18 I can think of many cases ______ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expreions but couldn"t write a good eay. A why
B which
C as
D where
定语从句专题复习教案
Revising Attribute Clause Lecturer: Time:
◆Three dimensional Teaching Aims：
Knowledge aims: 1.Know the trends of attributive clauses to be tested in NMET2008.Ability aims: 2.Master the usage of Relative pron.and Relative adverbs.Emotional aims: 3.Distinguish some groups of relative conjunctions easy to misuse.4.Tell the difference among several kinds of clauses to cultivate Ss’ integrating skills. ◆Teaching Important Points: 1.How to tell the difference between “as/ which, that/which”,etc.2.Revising “Prep+Relative pron.” ◆Teaching Difficulties: 1.“as” leading attributive clauses,
2.How to use “where, when, why” properly and understand the relation with “that” ◆Learning Strategy: Make the students learn to summarize and induce what they have learned, thus building knowledge network.Then they can develop life-long ability of learning.◆Teaching Type: Revision ◆Teaching aids: 1) Multimedia
2) Paper sheet ◆Teaching Procedures: Step I.Lead-in Give out paper sheets, asking the students to find out attributive clauses in the reading material taken from Reading D NMET2007.I
Step II.Analyzing the status of Attributive clause Introduction to trends of Attributive clause tested in NMET 1.The non-restrictive attributive clause is an important testing point, focused on difference between leading words “as” and “which”.
2.More than one clause is put together, such as emphasizing structure ( it be…that), appositive clauses(that…), adverbial clauses (such that/as…) 3.“Prep +Relative pron (which, whom)”
4.Testing forms: Multiple choice, Proofreading, Cloze test, Reading comprehension and Writing
(Discu the above, and make them have a better understanding their difference.) Strategy: 1.Have a better understanding of how to use Relative pron and Relative adverbs.2.Try to tell the difference “as/which；
that/which; that/as”
3.Know how to use a preposition in the structure “Prep+ Relative pron”.
1 Step III.Focused test points (Each of the following parts is given a certain time to be discued in groups or pairs so that the students can have enough time to think over.Then they are questioned.The aim is to strengthen interactive work.) 1.Please find out what role the following relative pron.and relative adverb play in the sentence.①Alec asked the policeman with whom he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident.
(
) ②We will be shown around the city :schools、museums and some other places, where other visitors seldom go. （
）
③We are living in an age when many things are done on computer.
（
）
④As is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progre. （
）
2.Restrictive attributive clause & Non-restrictive clause
Martin Luther King ,Jr, who won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964, was an important political leader.
Albert Einstein began the research and studies which led to his new discoveries in physics.Summarizing difference between Restrictive clause and Non-restrictive clause 1) Structure
2) punctuation
3) translation
4) meaning 3.Distinguish the following four groups of relative conj.Point 1: that/which 以下典型情况，引导词用that，而不用which.①
先行词是不定代词all、little、something、anything、none、the one时；
You should hand in all that you have.②
先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰时 This train is the most interesting film that Ive ever seen.③
先行词既有人又有物时；
Do you know the things and people that they are talking about? ④
先行词前有only、any、few、little、no、every、all所修饰时；
This is the very book that I am looking for.⑤
主句的主语是疑问词who或which时 Who is the boy that won the gold medal? Point 2: as/which which引导非限制性定语从句，其先行词既可以是一个词，又可以是整个主句或主句某一部分；
as指代整句话或与the same„as; such„as连用。
注意：当从句与主句语义一致时，用as，反之则用which。
e..g.① He turned out to be very succeful, _______is more than we could expect.② _______ we all know, he studies hard.③ Such people _______ you describe are thought to be fools.④ She married again, _______ are expected.⑤ She married again, _______ are unexpected.Keys: ①which
②As
③as
④as
⑤which Point 3: Prep+ Relative pronoun 关系代词前介词的确定
1.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系
2 e.g.Is that the newspaper _________ you often write articles.2.根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配
e.g.Can you explain to me how to use these idioms ___________ I，m not sure.3.根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯
e.g.1949 was the year ___________ the P.R.C.was founded.Point 4: Relative adverbs: when, where, why when在定语从句中做时间状语，可换成：介词＋which I remember the day when the civil rights march took place.
↓ (on which) where在定语从句中做地点状语，可换成：介词＋which We live in a part of town where there were no schools.↓
(in which) why 在定语从句中做原因状语，可换成：for＋which None of us know the reason ______Tom was absent from the meeting.Do you think the reason ______ he gave is believable? Point 5: Integrating skills 不要一看见时间就用when，一看见地点就用where，一看见原因就用why.到底用关系代词还是关系副词，关键看关系词在从句中做什么成分。Such与as或that引导定语从句与that引导状语从句是有区别的，如何理解，看下面的句子：
1 1) I’ll never forget the days when we worked together.
2) I’ll never forget the days that/which we spent together.2.1) She has such a good pen that I want to buy one.2) She has such a good pen that I want to buy.3) She has such a good pen as I want to buy (Asking the students to find their difference) Step IV.Present original NMET All the following are left for the students to solve, making sure that they can go on with NMET well enough.(On the screen) Multiple Choice:
1) (Sichuan 2007)．It is reported that two schools，________ are being built in my hometown，will open next year.
A．they both
B．which both
C．both of them
D．both of which 2) (NMET2007.I) Some pre-school children go to a day care center, __________ they learn simple games and songs.
A.then
B.there
C.while
D.where 3) (Beijing 2007) We shouldn’t spent our money testing so many people, most of _____are healthy A.that
B.which
C.what
D.whom 4) (Shanghai 2007) His movie won several awards at the film festival, _____ was beyond his wildest dream.
A.which
B.that
C.where
D.it
5) (Hunan 2007) By serving others, a person focuses on someone other than himself or herself, ___________ can be very eye-opening and rewarding.
A.who
B.which
C.what
D.that
3 6) (Zhejiang 2005）______ I explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting.
A．When
B．After
C．As
D．Since KEYS: 1) D 2) D 3) D 4) A 5) A 6) C Step V.summary Step VI.Homework 1.掌握：①定语从句中谓语动词与先行词保持一致的情况；
②定语从句与同位语从句的区别；
③time，way，case, situation后接定语从句的情况。
同位语从句例句
高一英语定语从句教案模板（共15篇）
投笔从戎造句
从容不迫造句