一朵永远绽放的玫瑰_析_献给艾米丽的玫瑰_玫瑰之象征_英文_
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语文学刊·外语教育教学2009年第4期
ARoseinFullBloomForever
———OnSymbolismofRoseinARoseforEmily
○Tian
Yingchun
（WuweiOccupationalCollege,Wuwei,Gansu733000）
［Abstract］“ARoseforEmily”isoneofthemostfrequentlyanthologizedstoriesbyWilliamFaulkner.Symbolism
iswidelyusedinthestory.Inthisessay,theauthortriestoexpoundthesymbolicsignificanceoftherosewiththehelpofadetailedanalysisofthestory.
［Keywords］Emily;Faulkner;Rose；Symbolism［中图分类号］I106.4
［文献标识码］A
［文章编号］1672-8610（2009）04-0051-02
behaviorsarenotsointelligibleintheviewofpersonsnowa－
days,stayingindoors,lackingoffriendsinlife,theunusualtalkandattitude.Thelastandthemost,shelovesapersonbutkillshiminordertoachievethegoalofoccupyinghimandbe－ingtogetherwithhimforever.
Tounderstandhowtomouldthefigurecan’tbebrokenawayfromtheerabackgroundofpersonages.ThestorytakesplacewhentheCivilWarisover.Theimpactofthenortherncivilizationmakesitnotbelegaltoholdslavesanymore.Thefoundationthateconomydependsonforexistenceattheplan－tationhasbeenoutofexistence.Plantationeconomymovesto－wardscollapsing.InthefaceoftheneweconomicmodeoftheNorthandculturevalues,somepeoplefightstubbornlywithone’sbacktothewall.Emilyisundoubtedlythemodelofthesedecliningaristocrats.Southrepresentsdecline,whileNorthrepresentsrise.Betweenthedeclineandtherise,therearesomepeoplewhoarebearingthemisfortuneduetodefend－ingtenaciouslyafterall.ThebackgroundofthecontradictionbetweenNorthandSouth,whenitisreflectedinaperson’shistory,isnamelythetragediesofloveandlife.Emilywasborninthatstratumofthatera,thusshewasaguardianofthatstratumnaturally.Ifnot,shehadnowaytomakealife.
Emilyisavictim,aconvict.Herfather,the“Grierson”statusinthetown,andtheexpectationofthetownspeoplemakeshertragedy.
Totheoutsideworld,itmighthaveappearedthatMissEmilyGriersongrewupinthelapofluxury.However,itwasalonelyexistence,forherfatherruledEmily?slifewithanironfist.ThefirstportraitofEmily,“aslenderfigureinwhiteinthebackground,herfatheraspraddledsilhouetteinthefore－ground,hisbacktoherandclutchingahorsewhip”createsatableauoftheyoungMissEmilyguardedbyherfather.Avul－nerablevirgin,subordinateandpassive.Herfather,adomina－tor.Duringtheyearswhenana?velittlegirlgrewup,shehadnofreedom,nolove.Emily’smotherwashardlymentionedin
Ⅰ.Introduction
“ARoseforEmily”isFaulkner’sfirstshortstorypub－lishedin1930.WilliamFaulkner(September25,1897———Ju－ly6,1962)isoneofthemostprominentwritersinAmericanliterature.Hewasthewinnerofthe1950NobelPrizeforLiter－atureforhispowerfulandartisticallyuniquecontributiontothemodernAmericannovel.FaulknerwasraisedinandheavilyinfluencedbythestateofMississippi,aswellasbythehistoryandcultureoftheSouthasawhole.Whenhewasfouryearsold,hisentirefamilymovedtothenearbytownofOxford,wherehelivedonandofffortherestofhislife.Oxfordisthemodelforthetownof“Jefferson”inhisfiction,andLafayetteCounty,Mississippi,whichcontainsthetownofOxford,isthemodelforhisfictionalYoknapatawphaCounty.BasedontheSouthernhistoryandsocialreality,hisworkshavebeenre－gardedastherepresentativesoftheAmericanSouthernlitera－ture.
Ⅱ.PlotSummary
“ARoseforEmily”takesplaceinFaulkner’sfictionalcity,Jefferson,inhisfictionalcountyofYoknapatawphaCounty,MississippiandrecountsthestoryofEmilyGrierson,aneccentricspinster,whorefusestoacceptthepassagesoftime,ortheinevitablechangeandlossthataccompaniesit.AsadescendentoftheSouthernaristocracy,EmilyistypicalofthoseinFaulkner’sYoknapatawphastorieswhoarethesym－bolsoftheOldSouthbuttheprisonersofthepast.Anun－namednarratordetailsthestrangecircumstancesofEmily?slifeandheroddrelationshipswithherfather,whocontrolledandmanipulatedher,andherlover,theYankeeroadworkerHomerBarron.WhenEmilyrealizedshecouldn?tmakeHomerBarronbecomeherhusband,shenotonlykilledHomerwiththearsenic,butalsokeptanintimaterelationshipwithhiscorpseuptoherowndeath.Ⅲ.AnalysisandComments
Toseeforthefirsttime,Emilyisanoddperson:allher
［作者简介］田迎春，女，武威职业学院英语专业副教授，兰州大学2007年在读英语语言文学硕士，主要从事英语教学工作。
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LITERATURETianYingchun/ARoseinFullBloomForever———OnSymbolismofRoseinARoseforEmily
bouquetshowsreverence.
Take“rose”aslove,“ARoseforEmily”canbeinter－pretedinto“loveforEmily”.Intermsofthis,FaulkneradoptsmetaphortoimplyunsuccessfulloveofEmilywhicheventuallyturnsintoatragedy.Thereiscertainrelationshipbetweenthedecayedbodyandtherose.Curtainsoffadedrosecolor,theterribleroomdeckedandfurnishedasforabridalareactually
sasacrificialaltarpreparedforherlovewhileHomerBarron?
bodyisanoblationtothishopelessloveaswellasatokenroseforherself.Sheremainswithindoorsinthelast40years,andstayswithherguilttillitisinterred.
Faulkneruses“ARoseforEmily”toexpresstheheartfeltrespectsoftownspeopletoEmilyandtheirnostalgiaofoldSouth.Aswordsinthestory,“Alive,MissEmilyhadbeenatradition,aduty,andacare…”sheistypifiedasthemarkoftheoldfallensouthernaristocratsafterCivilWar.Obstinate,asocial,outofstepofthetenorofmodernlife,shelingers,whenalive,asa“monument”toaglorygonewiththewind,nevertoreturn.Herpastrepresentstosometownspeople“notadiminishingroadbut,instead,ahugemeadowwhichnowin－tereverquitetouch.”Someoldpeopleevenappearinthefu－neralofEmilyintheirbrushedConfederateuniforms.ItisclearthathowimportantEmilyisintheeyesoftownspeopleasthephantomofoldaristocrat.Thatgoldeneraisnowencasedinthemindsofpeopleasanidealofsomekindtolookbackto,somehow.Whenshedies,sheliesinamassofflowersforpeopletoview.The“rose”inthetitleindicates,asthetoneofthestoryinsinuates,afeelingnotaltogetherunfriendly,oneprobablyofcompassion.———————————————【References】
[1]Faulkner,William.“ARoseforEmily”inConciseAnthologyof
AmericanLiterature,2ndedn.[M].NewYork:MacmillanPub－lishingCompany,1985.
[2]常耀信.美国文学简史[M].南开大学出版社,2003：243.
.献给艾米丽的一朵玫瑰》的象征手法赏析[J].沈阳农业[3]顾红《
大学学报(社会科学版),2005-08,7(3):379-380.
《艾米莉的玫瑰》浅评[J].河池师专学报(社会科学[4]胡伍坤.献给
版),2001,21(1)：91-92.[5]苏兴莎.谈福克纳《献给爱米丽的玫瑰》的象征意义与悲剧色
80-82.彩[J].黑龙江教育学院学报,2003,22(2)：
·福克纳《献给爱米丽的玫瑰》中的运[6]王道水.象征手法在威廉
用[J].邵阳学院学报(社会科学版),2005,4(1):121-123.[7]福克纳中短篇小说选[M].杨岂深，译.中国文联出版公司,1985.[8]杨岂深.福克纳:纪念爱米丽的一朵玫瑰[J].阅读与欣赏,1995,
(6):10.[9]叶琛.简评《艾米莉的玫瑰》[J].科技信息,2007(15)：110-11.
thenovel.Motherisarolewhichsymbolizessoftnessand
warmness.Itseemedthatsuchcolorshadneverappearedinherlife.Shewasbesiegedbythesuppressionofherfatherwhowastheauthoritysymbol.Heturnedawayeverysuitorhisdaughterhadanddeprivedofherrightsofbeinganormalwoman.Shelackslovewithfather’sharshandinjunctivecom－municationinlife,lackstrainingfortheexpressionandfeelingoflove.Itresultsinabnormalloveandhertragedy.
“ARoseforEmily”presentsapowerfulargumentthatprivilegecansometimesbeaprison.TheGriersonsaretooproud.They“heldthemselvesalittletoohighforwhattheyreallywere.Noneoftheyoungmenwerequitegoodenough
.HerfatherwiththehorsewhipinhandkeptforMissEmily”
allmenfromgettingtoher.Fromthenon,thecenterofEmi－ly’slifewasherfather.Herfatherwashermentalandphysi－calsupport.Later,herfatherdied,asshelosthersupportandcollapsed.Thiswasshowedbyherrefusaltohisfather’sdeath.Emilytriedtosalvageherselffromthetragiclifeafter
sdeath,butthehighsocialstatusofGriersonpre－herfather’
ventedherfrommarryingayoungmaninthetown.Then,shemetHomerandfellinlovewithhim.Maybeshehopedthatshecouldjumpoutofhertragiclifebymarryinghim,ormaybeshejustregardedHomerasthesubstituteofherfather.Shewantedtofindanothercenterofherlife.Butshefailedandthenkilledhim.
Emilyisbesiegedbypeople’scommentsfromcommoncustoms.Thepeopleintownlikedtogossipalotabouther.
sdeath,Emilyrefusedtoacceptthefact.Peo－Afterherfather’
plesaidthatshewascrazy.WhenshedatedwithHomer,theyscoldedherwithforgettingnoblesseobligeandtriedtopreventthemfrombeingtogether.Whensheboughtarsenic,peoplesaidshewascrazyandwouldkillherself.
Theseallgiveherlotsofpressureandintheend,leadtohertragedy.Ⅳ.Conclusion
TheseriesofYoknapatawphanovelsbyWilliamFaulknergiveavividanddetaileddescriptionofSouthAmerica,whichwasonthewaneatthattimeandshowedsolicitudeforthemiserablefatesofthefemale.MetaphorandsymbolismareconsistentlyusedtoworkouttitlesofhisessayssuchasAbsalom,Absalom!andGoDown,Moses.In“ARoseforEmily”,FaulknerusessymbolismtorevealtheclashesbetweenthenewvaluesandtheoldonesintheSouthbydepictingEmily’stragicallove,whichmakesthenovelprofoundlythematic.Thenwhatonearthdoesthetitle“ARoseforEmily”hint?
Rosesymbolizesloveinwesternculturewhilepresenting
一朵永远绽放的玫瑰：析《献给艾米丽的玫瑰》玫瑰之象征
田迎春
（武威职业学院，甘肃武威733000）
［摘
要］《献给艾米丽的玫瑰》是福克纳最经典的短篇小说之一。小说中广泛使用了象征手法。本文通过
对小说的分析，揭示了玫瑰的象征意义。
［关键词］艾米丽；福克纳；玫瑰；象征
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