by Antonio Luciano Tosta
Why use humor?
The answer is in the title of this essay. When you laugh, you learn better. But there is a lot more to it than this simple answer. The use of humor makes the class atmosphere more pleasant, increases interaction among teacher and students, makes learning more meaningful and enjoyable, is a useful tool to get students? attention, motivates learners, and most of the time, pleases students. Finally, as proponents of the Natural Approach would put it, using humor lowers the affective filter.
Teachers have long been aware that motivating students and lowering their anxiety are important. So why don抰 more teachers utilize humor in their classes? There are many answers to this question. First, many teachers believe humor is too personal for the classroom, where there is a group of individuals with differing beliefs. Thus, they fear they might easily offend someone. Second, others see the use of humor as something that could lead to discipline problems and, as a consequence, to the teacher抯 loss of control of the class. Also, some argue that humor is time consuming, increases teacher talking time, and may increase learner dependence. Another common reason is a disbelief in the seriousness of humor. The idea of the teacher as a performer may not sound professional to some of us. "Are students really learning anything?" these skeptics would ask.
All of these concerns are valid and they must be taken into consideration. Too often, however, preconceived attitudes against using humor prevent both teacher and students from having a more pleasant and meaningful learning experience, which we all search for in our daily practice. Let抯 begin by defining what we call the funny teacher and what we mean by using humor in the classroom.
The "funny teacher" myth
The funny teacher is not a clown figure. He is a serious, conscientious professional who believes in the meaningfulness and effectiveness of having fun while learning. Thus, he always tries to provide his students with opportunities for a pleasurable journey through learning, promoting the use of humor in his class. By using humor, I do not mean entertaining students with silly jokes all the time. Although jokes, if used wisely, may contribute to the repertoire of his teaching kit, the funny teacher is not an entertainer. He is an educator interested in the progress of his students. He either tries to add a touch of humor and an element of fun to everyday class activities, or to use activities that are essentially humorous, such as games, jazz chants, auctions, or Total Physical Response.
Teachers who naturally have a good sense of humor should use it, but that is not at all a requirement to be a funny teacher. You may not consider yourself a funny person, and still be classified as a "funny teacher." In other words, it is more important that the class itself be fun than the teacher be funny, since it is never a good idea to try to change one抯 personality traits.
Making activities fun
There are many ways to make an activity fun. The element of surprise, for instance, frequently adds joy to class. Well-chosen pictures, cards, and other visual aids, as well as realia in general, are usually of great help. The use of music and sounds can also do the trick. Have students sing songs in different rhythms or tones of voice, for instance. It is always a good idea to have students change seating arrangements, work in groups, and complete short activities. Assign activities in which they must walk around and use body language and mimicry to express themselves and their feelings. Remember to please not only the mostly visual and auditory learners but the kinesthetic ones as well. All that will help the class to be more dynamic, and therefore, more fun.
Moreover, try to create humorous situations for role-plays and dialogues. Changing the context of that tedious role-play in the textbook to a fun one that allows the same structure to be practiced will make quite a difference in the end. You may also have students change the tone of their voices and dress differently, reinventing the character, while role-playing. Another nice technique is to attribute students?names to the characters in role-plays and skits. You can always throw in one or two intelligent jokes every now and then, and, above all, play games.
The use of games as an effective learning tool is inestimable. Diane Larsen-Freeman (1986:129) rightly points out that "games are important because they have certain features in common with real communicative events梩here is a purpose to the exchange." There are many other reasons to use games. However, it is necessary to make sure that the games turn out to be fun, as they are meant to be, and not a source of problems. A good way to prevent this is to choose games that focus on the "exchange," to use Larsen-Freeman抯 word. Use cooperative games, in which the participants work toward a common objective, instead of competitive games, in which the objective is to finish first. This is a polemic issue, since on
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