物业社区宣传-控烟宣传资料3

　物业社区宣传:控烟宣传资料3

　物业社区宣传:控烟宣传资料3提要：戒烟人的寿命长于继续吸烟的人。一般说来，50岁以前就戒烟的人，在其以后15年内死亡的危险将比继续吸烟者降低50％

　物业社区宣传:控烟宣传资料3

　 1.请您考虑戒烟的理由

　（1）做家人与亲友的好榜样。要知道：长辈抽烟，晚辈模仿；子女抽烟，父母心伤；相互敬烟，两败俱伤。

　（2）决心挣脱烟给自己的束缚。戒除后可减免烟给自己身心的痛苦折磨，叫自己健健康康的活。

　（3）爱生命胜于爱烟草。这道理实在简单，却总是知易行难！

　 2.戒烟有哪些好处

　如果你是吸烟者，你应该改变这种不文明和不健康的行为，戒掉它！如果你戒烟成功，你就会从中得到以下好处：

　（1）戒烟人的寿命长于继续吸烟的人。一般说来，50岁以前就戒烟的人，在其以后15年内死亡的危险将比继续吸烟者降低50％。

　（2）吸烟者患肺癌的相对危险度是不吸烟者的10—15倍。而一个吸烟者戒烟10年后，他患肺癌的危险性将比继续吸烟者降低30％至50％。

　（3）戒烟还会降低吸烟者患喉癌、口腔癌、食道癌、胰腺癌、膀胱癌和其它多种癌症发病的危险度。

　（4）吸烟者死于冠心病的危险度是从不吸烟者的2倍。而吸烟者戒烟后一年之内，这种危险就会降低50％。坚持戒烟15年之后，这种危险度就会接近于从不吸烟者的水平。

　（5）与从不吸烟者相比，吸烟者在死于中风的相对危险度要高一倍。有些吸烟者在戒烟后5年内就可把这种危险性降低到从不吸烟者的水平，而有些人却需要坚持15年才能收到这个效果。（6）吸烟是引起肺部疾病的主要原因。一个人戒烟后，可以降低患感冒、肺炎和支气管炎的危险性，并随着年龄增长而发生的肺功能下降的速度将接近于从不吸烟者的情况。

　（7）戒烟后你不会因吸烟引起家庭矛盾，戒烟之后10年可以节约一大笔钱。你不会因在公共场所吸烟而被罚款。

　（8）孕妇吸烟使胎儿和婴儿死亡率比正常不吸烟者高25—50％，婴儿出生体重平均低于正常值200克。若在怀孕前4个月开始戒烟，这些不良影响通常都可以改变。

　（9）戒烟后将更能集中精力学习和工作，使你面容显得滋润和富有光泽。使你的嗅觉、味觉更灵敏，吃东西将更有味道。

　（10）戒烟后再也不会走到哪儿都带去一股烟味，也不会再让家人、朋友、同事吃“二手烟”，与吸烟者相比，你将显得更高雅、更潇洒、更有风度。

　 3.戒烟能减少患癌率吗

　（1）日本肿瘤流行病学的调查材料：戒烟5年后，肺癌危险性比原来减少1/2；戒烟10年者，肺癌的危险性与不吸烟者几乎相等。

　（2）以1961—1965年英国有吸烟嗜好的医师半数已戒除，与1953—1957年未戒烟这两段时期对比，医师死于慢性阻塞性肺疾患者下降24％，死于肺癌者下降38％。

　有人已经吸烟多年，如果再戒烟是不是能减少患癌的机率呢？回答是肯定的。英国过去一度是肺癌死亡率最高的国家，但因目前已有650万人戒烟成功，结果肺癌死亡人数也出现了50年来首次下降。日本的胃癌特别是贲门癌的发病率近年来逐渐下降，据认为与戒烟的人增多有一定关系，有人进行过详细的调查，发现每天吸烟25支以上者，肺癌死亡率比不吸烟者几乎大20倍，但戒烟后，随着时间的进一步延长，长癌的机率和死亡率越来越小，如戒烟还不到10年的人，肺癌死亡率比不吸烟者减少到8倍；戒烟在10年以上者，因肺癌死亡的机率更加减少，仅为不吸烟者的5倍；戒烟20年以上者，肺癌死亡率达到与正常人相近的水平。还有材料表明，戒烟10—15年以后，发生上消化道癌的危险与不吸烟的人相同。

　我国有句成语“亡羊补牢，犹未为晚”，意思是说：羊逃跑了再去想办法修补羊圈还不算晚，可以防止再受损失。上面说的一些事实也说明了这个道理，如果过去染上了吸烟这一不良习惯，已经给自己身体造成了不同程度的损害，现在下定决心，以坚强的意志下决心戒除，随着时间的推移，长癌的机率会逐渐减少，甚至和不吸烟的人完全一样。

　 4.从遗传角度谈戒烟的必要性

　吸烟，对身体有害，这是众所周知的。然而，吸烟不仅对烟民本人有害，还会引起遗传物质改变，遗患后代。这点却为众多吸烟者所忽略。

　遗传病，作为众多疾病中的一个“后起之秀”，正以每年12％的速率激增着。最新资料表明，目前，遗传病已高达5700多种，这还不包括染色体病和多基因病呢。为什么会有这么高的速率在递增？这与各种诱变因素特别是化学诱变剂的诱变作用及其数量的猛增是分不开的。含有多种有害成分的烟草，是化学诱变剂的重要之一。

　这里只重点谈一谈烟焦油，因它能诱发遗传物质突变，与遗传病的发生有直接关系。

　烟焦油是一种棕黄色具粘性的树脂，它可粘附在咽部和支气管的内表面上。烟焦油储积多年后可诱发异常细胞生成，形成肺癌。它是由酚、脂族烃、多环芳烃、酸类、吲哚、咔啶等浓缩物构成。这些成分有的可引起基因突变，有的可引起染色体畸变。基因突变是指基因的核苷酸顺序或数目发生改变。它包括单个碱基置换引起的突变（点突变）、移码突变、整码突变和错配不等交换四种。稍有遗传学基础的人都知道，人体细胞内的遗传物质DNA是由许许多多带有不同碱基的脱氧核苷酸组成的逆平行双螺旋结构。当DNA复制时，碱基的配对是要严格按照“A＝T，G＝c”（A代表腺嘌呤，T代表胸腺嘧啶，G代表鸟嘌呤，c代表胞嘧啶）的互补原则进行的，从而保持遗传特质数目的稳定性、结构的恒定性及亲子代的连续性，使人始终保持着“万物之灵”的所有特性。然而，多核苷酸链中的正常碱基如果受到物理、化学等因素的诱变作用，而被异常的碱基置换时，就会引起碱基配对的错误，继而造成基因的突变；如果在多核苷酸链中插入或缺失一个或几个（非三的倍数）碱基时，就会引起更严重的基因突变，即移码突变，造成蛋白质组分的严重差异，从而使蛋白质或酶失去正常的功能，引起各种遗传病。如正常的血红蛋白（HbA）变成异常的血红蛋白（HbS）时，就会引起很严重的镰刀型细胞贫血症。该症是由于在缺氧状态下，双凹型的红细胞变成了镰刀型的红细胞，镰刀型的红细胞由于表面张力、弹性都比正常红细胞小得多，故容易破裂引起溶血，而大量的溶血就会导致人体的死亡。引起HbS的根本原因就在于正常HbAβ链上的第六个氨基酸——谷氨酸被缬氨酸所替换的缘故，而谷氨酸的改变则是由于组成该氨基酸的密码子（cTT）的一个碱基T被A置换变成（cAT）结果。再者，如果（cTT）的c被T置换变成（TTT），那么，缬氨酸就会变成赖氨酸而引起Hbc病，表现为轻度贫血。烟草中的很多成分都起着化学诱变剂的作用，它可引起基因的突变，诱发癌症的发生，引起畸型儿的产生，从而严重威胁人类后代的健康成长。

　 5.心肌梗塞病人戒烟以后

　冠心病与吸烟有关，这一点人们早已有所认识。以往的调查也表明，

　吸烟者发生缺血性心脏病的机会比一般人多。那么，已发生心肌梗塞的病人戒烟后，是否有利于避免再次发生心肌梗塞呢？

　珀金斯·杰等对确诊为心肌梗塞的119名病人首次作了发病后一个月至五年的观察，这些病人中，男90人，女29人，分为继续吸烟组和戒烟组。在年龄、总胆固醇、血压和体重等方面，两者无明显差别。观察结果，一年内死亡率，男性继续吸烟组是戒烟组的倍，女性继续吸烟组是戒烟组的倍；五年后生存率，男性继续吸烟组为％，男性戒烟组为％；再次发生心肌梗塞的，继续吸烟组占％，其中致命性的占92％，戒烟组仅占％，其中致命性的占62％。

　希凯等也曾对520名心肌梗塞病人作了调查，其中190人戒烟。经过统计，继续吸烟者的死亡率为％，戒烟组为％；其中吸雪茄烟的死亡率最高，占％。

　珀金斯等人的调查也表明，戒烟可使心肌梗塞病人五年死亡率减少50％以上。

　从上可见，吸烟是再次发生心肌梗塞的危险因素，而戒烟对避免再次发生心肌梗塞显然是有利的。

　 6.戒烟能使身体发生有利变化

　如果吸烟者从每天吸10支、20支、30支中解脱出来。戒烟20分钟后，身体组织就会朝有利的方向转变，正象尼古丁在人体中许多年后才成为有害毒素一样，最终恢复到完全健康状态是一个比较缓慢的过程。

　戒烟20—25分钟后，脉搏可降至正常水平。如果血压没有因为别的毛病而出问题的话，戒烟后血压会下降至正常值。肢体末端手和血液循环开始恢复正常。

　戒烟8小时后，血液中一氧化碳含量开始下降并逐步接近正常值，血液中的氧含量升高，向正常值靠近。

　戒烟24小时后，心肌梗塞的危险性减少。

　戒烟48小时后，麻木的神经开始复苏。

　戒烟2星期至3个月之间，呼吸功能可能改善30％，血液流通状态好转，四肢的血液流通也开始恢复正常。

　戒烟41天后测试的结果表明，身体中的尼古丁开始排出体外，轻微的中毒症状开始消失。

　戒烟1～9个月后畏寒症状态缓解，鼻腔不再堵塞，肺部容纳空间增大，供氧情况好转，继而出现肺部组织更新，肺功能增大，人的体力也会增强。

　戒烟1年以后，患心肌梗塞或肺癌的危险减少一半。

　戒烟5年以后与吸烟相比，患口腔癌、呼吸道癌或消化系统癌症的机会减少一半。患心肌梗塞的危险已小到接近从不吸烟者。

　戒烟是一个长期坚持的行为，贵在自我严格要求，哪怕一天一支也不行。

　 7.戒烟是癌症一级预防措施

　日本爱知县癌症中心研究所流行病学组富永佑民主任说，如果积极推动癌症的一级预防，就会象世界卫生组织推算的那样，大概可减少1/3癌症。目前欧美正一面减少吸烟率，另一面通过控制饮食，这样结合起来估计能减少20％的癌症。

　据1987年美国报告，癌症死亡中30％与吸烟有关，1979年英国报告男性癌症中，30％的危险因素是吸烟，日本国立癌症中心推算，日本也在30％左右。富永佑民认为，只要努力推进禁烟措施使吸烟率减少10％，此外加上控制饮食的作用，如果也能达到减少10％的癌症发病率，那么综合在一起，预计就可减少20％的癌症发病率。

　 8.戒烟会使您变得美丽

　人们不难发现，嗜烟如命的人，常常是又黄又瘦。“曼谷邮报”曾专文介绍了“吸烟者面容”。文中指出，吸烟多的人面部有深沟皱纹和类似鸡爪样皱折，他们常常表现得疲倦、憔悴，脸色发黄或灰暗、紫红。这是什么原因引起的呢？

　最近，瑞士和瑞典两所大学的生理系通过雷达量热器测试两组自愿人员。一组日吸24支烟，每隔30分钟吸一支，另一组则一根不吸。结果发现，吸烟会消耗人体能量，引起心率加快，尿中去甲肾上腺素增加，尿和血浆尼古丁浓度明显增多，并跟心率快有着平行关系。由于消耗能量使吸烟者体重下降。

　但是，难看的“吸烟者面容”绝不是不能改变的。假如这些人一旦戒了烟，他们很快就会变得健康和有精神。脸孔变化会停止，体重会有所回升。从而使皱纹舒展填平，双颊丰满气色转佳，最终告别“吸烟者面容”。所以，要想使容貌美丽，戒烟不能不算一个好方法。

　Measures for the routine management of moral education in Middle SchoolsMethod of conventional management of moral education in middle schoolFirst, the guiding ideology:School moral education is an organic whole of the whole education work, always adhere to the school adhere to the moral education, education for this product, and actively promote the quality education, the school building efficient curriculum system of moral education, moral education, improve the sense of attraction and appeal, enhance the moral education work for through and timeliness. Teach everyone, service education and management education, and school moral education work must be with family education and community education closely together, to form a concerted pattern, and strive to create a good atmosphere for education, and to promote the all-round development of students, to establish a scientific moral education full of vigor the For long-term mechanism.Two, the goal of moral education:To guide the students to form the correct world outlook, outlook on life, values, to cultivate students' unity and mutual assistance, honest and trustworthy, law-abiding, good quality, hard work, set a good XX students ideological quality, psychological quality and image quality. The formation of excellent moral education curriculum system and management system, the construction of school. The society, family moral education network, to achieve full member education, environment education, education service people, educating people. Traditional moral education initiativesThree, the routine work of moral education:Daily moral education:1, the daily morning exercises or class-break setting-up exercise and discipline inspection and appraisal of public signs;2, daily cleaning and inspection;3, the daily student school appearance, dress, wearing school card check;4, the daily duty guide to the leadership class discipline three rounds.Weekly moral education work:L, the flag raising ceremony and the "national flag" speech under the flag raising ceremony held on Monday";2, every week a class meeting, the meeting;3, every week "two exercises, cleaning and hygiene, behavior norms, attendance" situation published cloth appraisal, and the issue of the code of conduct;;4, weekly work week.Monthly moral education work:1, at least once a month, the theme of education activities, to patriotism education, behavior norms of education as the focus, combined with major retreat day.2, the monthly class quantization assessment and class teacher assessment, selection of behavior for the standard model class.Moral education in each term:1, at the end of each semester to form "three good student", "outstanding student cadres", "civilized student".2, at least once a semester, parents will be.,Student etiquette conventionA, the school leavers1, dress neatly to wear school card, step posture correct, full of spirit; cycling of the same students, at the school gate and get off, go to the car line of the school; are not allowed to ride a bicycle in the campus, bicycle according to the specified location;;2, no time to school, had to leave school. A special reason to leave school early to school, the teacher signature issued on release;3, order out of the school gate, not chasing;B, classroom activities4, the classroom desks and chairs, arranged in order, decorate beautiful;5, the students on duty should promptly clean the blackboard, sweep the floor, turn off the lights, close the doors and windows, lock the door;6, keep the classroom clean, no spitting, no littering debris and other debris;7, not in the desk, doors and windows, walls, etc. The Painted graffiti graffiti board;8, the preparation of the bell ring, sitting in their own position, and do a good lesson preparation, keep the classroom quiet;9, when the class to stand up to the teacher Shi Hangli; class speech first raise their hands;10, listen attentively. Speak to raise their hands to answer questions, to stand up to loud sounds;L1, not to be late, do not leave early, not late into the classroom to play truant. Standing in the doorway shouting "report", raised by the teacher agreed to in classroom;;L2, to concentrate on self-study, do not do and learning has nothing to do;13, do not copy homework, do not cheat in the exam;C, assembly activityIn L4, the flag raising ceremony, solemn, neat, orderly queue team, for the national flag stood for salute. The national anthem, the original should be standing.15, exercise to do fast, quiet, qi;16, the rally should be punctual, keep quiet speak first to Su; teachers and audience charming year ceremony, the end of the speech of thanks; to watch the performances, games, applause to appropriate moderation.D, campus health177, keep the corridor clean, sanitary, quiet, do not push, do not push, do not play slapstick;18, do not pour from upstairs downstairs, spitting, throwing debris;19, clean area on duty to seriously do the clean health work area;20, take good care of the campus environment, do not litter. Paper towels, peel, beverage bottles, food packaging bags, etc. should be thrown into the designated bins;2L, love and care for school facilities and equipment, care of flowers and trees on campus park;E, civilized and polite22, teachers and visitors to take the initiative to say hello, smiling;; answer question to teachers, guests stand up, generous, humble, polite;;23, the use of good manners, please, please, you, Hello, thank you, no, no, no matter, goodbye;244, the use of body language: smile, shake hands, waving, clapping, right salute comity, stand up to answer questions;255, respect and help the old, young, sick, disabled, and walk out of the way, car seat, shopping, let;26, eat at home please elders sit, or your home or go home to parents to say hello;277, respect for teachers, teachers first comity long walk, criticism and education, the teacher, to listen to, don't argue, don't hit Dingding. Is there a problem, explain afterwards;28, do not casually into the classroom, into the teacher's office, to call the report;29, to unity and friendship among the students, and do not give students a nickname, do not bully the small students, students have difficulties, to help each other;30, the contradiction between students, to self-disciplined, and their more self broad-minded toward others, criticized;31, the male and female students exchanges to be dignified, generous nature;F, moral accomplishment32, dress and speech and deportment should pay attention to the occasion, do not wear slippers class and to participate in meetings, the party will not wear, with their age and identity copy does not match the clothes and ornaments. Not Hair Coloring, boys do not have long hair; girls do not perm perm, do not wear high heels. Pepe put into the school to school card, conversation good manners.33, no swearing, no profanity, no smoking, no drinking, no stealing, no gambling, no minors into the business of Internet cafes;34, form the habit of saving habits, advocate plain living, without ostentation and extravagance, not compare;35, without the consent of others, not to use other things, borrow things to be returned on time, damage to the compensation, pick up things to be handed over to the father;36, honest, trustworthy and commitment to the other side can not be done, to apologize and explain to the other side, to achieve understanding.Class quantitative assessment1, classroom discipline:Attendance: in the normal class or school for the mid-term exam during the period, absenteeism or absent 1 people class deducted 1 points, the 1 passengers arrive late or leave early leave class buckle, buckle points is not a plus.The classroom teacher in the class and the middle order: every stage during the exam, exam, exam, class or disorder, by the teacher to reflect the class is true, a deduction of 2 points. The class where self ZiXiKe classroom disorder, after examination to check real persons, a deduction of the class of 2 points.2, subject contest: where was awarded the National Award for the class of 110 points in the competition and all kinds of disciplines in the race, won the National Award for everyone the was 5; by the provincial award for the class of 6 points, a provincial award to the people was 3 by the municipal incentives;; give the class Gaga 4 points, a reward for municipal people for the year 2; by the excitation to the class level awards overtime 2 points, each grade award to the University by over 1 points.3, night repair management: attendance at 2 rising class. The students' attendance status by grade examination, a day after the summary of electronic text on Friday night to make room at night. The moral confusion class discipline, a deduction of 2 points, the late repair time stay outside the classroom students, according to the lack of from each treatment, 1 points deducted.4, class content class appearance:Each month by a group of Youth League, student organizations, inspection and assessment, who was awarded first prize for the year 66, two prize plus 5 points, third-prize prize plus 4 points, excellent prize plus 3 points.No serious implementation of the class, a deduction of 5 points.5, student instrument:Students should be simple and elegant appearance, do not stay with my age, identity does not conform to the hair, do not wear earrings, rings and necklaces and other ornaments, do not wear clothing does not conform to the identity of students, no makeup, not in the classroom without wearing a collarless sleeveless vest, the public does not wear drag slippers.Violation of the provisions of the deduction of 1 points per person.6, the title of honor and discipline:Was awarded the honorary title of the national class to the 550 points, at the national level to give the class Gaga 10; at the provincial level to the provincial class Gaga 20 points, to the class of Gaga 5; to the municipal level class plus 110 points, plus 33 points to the class university; for the class of 5 points, the 1 points to the class.This class of students who are law school discipline punishment, deducted 3 points. The class was detained by the public security organ such as punishment, deducted 20 points. If the class such as the emergence of major accidents, according to the relevant provisions of the school separately.7, good and good:Students or class of each body to do a good thing or a pickup thing like a class to the discretion to increase 0.. - 2 points, up 2 points reward collective activities encourage the highest limit, plus a week high of 2 points. If found to resort to deceit false, after examination and verification, to cancel the class this year the appraised qualifications.8, labor:The school's general room layout work task: after examination and verification, to complete the task, good class for each plus 2 points, to complete the task of the general class is not a plus no penalty, not to complete each task as the deduction of 2 points.9 classes, classrooms and each class is responsible for the staircase, corridor and health:The classroom and responsible for the staircase, corridor should be kept clean, every day by the Youth League, students will organize inspection, not clean, every time the button the class 1.10, property insurance:Every month the organization of the general affairs office of school class property, inspect the protection and use of facilities, such as property preservation good, to the class of 2 points. If Gaga man-made damage, except in addition to each class and school General Affairs Office of the signing of the contract in accordance with the provisions of compensation, but also quantitative deduction the deduction of the class. Check for damage in the classrooms of broadcasting and television system button 20; the damage of a blackboard plate deducted 10 points; the damage of a class desk or podium deducted 5 points; the damage of a bad chair or bench deducted 2 points; the damage of a glass button 2 for everyone.11, style competition:In the school field track and field campaign by the total score of the first group of 8 points, second plus 7 points, 6 third points, 5 fourth points, 4 fifth points, 3 sixth points, 2 seventh points, 1 eighth points.Won the first prize plus 88 points in the military parade, two prize plus 6 points, third-prize award outstanding awards plus 4 points, 2 points.In the school arts festival won first prize award two prize plus 8 points, 6 points, 33 prize plus 4 points, 2 points. Excellence AwardWhere a person on behalf of participate in sports competitions in various sports competitions and won the provincial than before eight, a person in the class to add 3 points;

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