认清教育形势,实行依法治校

　 认清教育形势，实行依法治校

　杜阮小学 黄转坚

　加强教育法制建设，大力推进依法治教是当前我国教育工作的重点之一。依法治教是依法治国方略在教育领域的具体体现，而依法治校是依法治教的重要基础，学校作为最基本的教育单位，直接担负着教书育人的重任。学校如何提高办学质量和效率，完全取决于学校的管理理念和方略。随着改革开放的不断深入与我国社会主义市场经济的建立，我国原有的教育管理体制已经不再适应现代教育管理的需要，学校如何面对和适应新的发展机遇与挑战，笔者认为首要的问题是应当建立法制化的现代教育管理体制，实行依法治校。因此，本文就如何开展依法治校工作做一些探讨。?

　一、当前依法治校存在的一些问题

　目前，我国教育法制还不够健全，各项规章制度比较滞后，教育管理还普遍存在着法制观念比较淡薄的问题。自从2003年7月，教育部发布《关于加强依法治校工作的若干意见》后，各个学校均开始加大对依法治校理念的宣传力度，也逐步将依法治校的理念付诸于学校的教育管理之中，但由于缺乏统一的模式和标准，各级各类学校依法治校工作进程不一、做法各异，有些学校甚至走入误区。笔者认为目前主要存在以下一些问题：?

　1．学校规章制度不够健全。现代学校制度建设主要体现于以学校为本的管理体制和机制改革，建设效能学校，形成以人为本、行为规范、运转协调、公正透明、廉政高效的管理体制。健全的规章制度是一种建立在学校法人基础上的制度体系，具有法定组织机构及由此而构成的学校管理及其运作体系。这种制度必须能够保证教育体制改革的顺利进行，并促进学校建立自我约束、自我完善和自我发展的机制，使学校在面向社会、市场进行依法自主办学的过程中，主动适应经济社会发展对国民教育的需求。

　2．权大于法、有法不依的现象时有发生。自80年代中期实行校长负责制以来，人们就一直在对校长管理权问题进行探讨。实践证明，中小学实行校长负责制是较为科学、可行的。《中华人民共和国教育法》中也明确规定：“学校的教学及其他行政管理由校长负责。”依法管理，校长可以较好地履行自己的职责，充分行使法律法规赋予自己的权力，最大限度地提高管理效率。然而在实行校长负责制的实际工作中，却存在着一些突出的问题：如校长的权力得不到保障；监督机制不健全；对校长缺乏激励机制等。一项有关校长的权力问题研究表明，不仅许多中小学校长不能对此做出正确回答，而且教育行政人员的回答也各持己见，对校长权力的种类、权力名称、权力的内涵和外延的看法都存在不一致。

　3．学校管理中还存在依靠行政管理手段为主的现象。行政权力是政治权力的一种，通常是指国家行政机关的权力，是指国家行政机关依靠特定的强制性手段，为有效执行国家意志而依据宪法原则对全社会进行管理的一种能力。

　作为社会机构之一，学校与其他社会机构行政权力的表现形式有其共性的一面。其中，以下三个特征显得分外突出：(1)强制性。这是行政权力的首要特征。作为实现特定目的的执行力量，行政权力通过命令、指示、决议等作用方式要求被管理者服从与执行，如果这个意志被违抗，强制性就会显示其力量。当前，许多学校的办学理念往往就通过系列指标的形式在办学过程中被强制贯彻。(2)一元性。行政组织大多采用首长负责制的领导原则，集中与统一是行政权力发生作用的内在要求。表现在学校，存在着一个包括最高行政首长及其执行和监督系统的行政权力核心。(3)层级性。这是行政权力的结构特征，也是科层制组织形式的共同表现。行政权力的运行是自上而下层层放射的，每一层次拥有不同的权力，而且，这种权力的等级是以制度化形式保证的。

　4．“依法治校”和“以情感人”的协调度有待提高。刚性管理，着重从组织结构、责权分配、规章制度等方面来进行。其特征是具有权威性和强制性，是支配到服从的方式，具有法的约束力。它是从外部、外因进行的管理。与刚性管理相对应的是“以人为本”的柔性管理。柔性管理是一种采用非强制方式和非权力性影响力，在人们心目中产生潜在的说服力，从而把组织意志转变为自觉行动的管理。它不是主要依靠制度约束，而是主要依靠人际关系协调；不是主要依靠奖惩措施，而是主要依靠情感交流。其特征是具有启发性和变动性，强调人们的主动性和创造性。从学校内部管理体制改革的实践来看，纯粹的刚性管理或柔性管理都是有利有弊的。经验告诉我们，规章制度等约束手段仍然重要，但越来越依靠人们的内在的精神动力，依靠人们职业道德水平的提高，依靠学校文化力量，实现自我约束、自我规范。因此，学校内部管理体制改革要深化，应是真正的“以人为本”，在改革中充满尊重、理解、沟通、信任等人文精神，营造团结、和谐、奉献、进取的工作氛围，不因改革而淡化应有的“人情味”，让“依法治校”和“以情感人”融为一体。

　5．教职工的整体法律素质还不是很高。新的历史条件和制度环境下，特别是实行聘用合同制以后，教代会、工会维护教职工合法权益的作用必须加强。当教师和学校发生劳动纠纷时，教代会和工会作为教师利益的代表者，应当起到的作用还不够明显，可能的情况下为权益受到侵害的教师寻求法律帮助的意识、责任还不够明确。

　二、对依法治校具体内容的理解?

　何为依法治校？原教育部长陈至立同志在全国教育法制工作会议上的报告《全面推进依法治教，开创21世纪教育振兴的新局面》中强调指出：“依法治校，就是要在依法理顺政府与学校的关系、落实学校办学自主权的基础上，实现学校管理与运行机制的制度化、规范化，形成政府宏观管理，学校依法按照章程自主办学，依法接受监督的新格局。”从字面上看，所谓“依”，是指依据和根据。要澄清一种模糊认识，即把依法治校理解为“以法治校”，一字之差却有着重要区别，所以，不能简单地理解为仅仅是把法律作为工具和手段来治理学校和办一切事情，而是把法律作为管理学校的依据和最高权威之意，即作为管理者，要体现一种法治精神。所谓“法”，是指学校管理之法源，有广狭两种理解，广义的“法”不仅包括专门的教育法律、法规和规章，如《教育法》、《教师法》、《学位法》、《学校教育法》、《继续教育法》等，还应包括《宪法》中有关学校教育之内容，同时其他与学校教育有关的法律、法规和规章及规范性文件，如《未成年人保护法》、《妇女权益法》、《残疾人权益保障法》等，也涉及有关民法、刑法、行政法等各部门法。狭义上主要是专指有关学校教育方面的法律、法规和规章。依法治校所依之法，宜从广义的角度来理解，事实上，依法治校既应依专门规范教育事项的特别法律，又必须依全社会共同遵守的一般法律。所谓“治”，是指管理，而非管制，是管理和服务的统一；不是消极地运用法律来管治学校，而是指在学校管理中能动地开展依法育人、依法管理。不能把依法治校片面地理解为“以罚治校”，法律除了具有惩罚、警戒、预防违法行为的功能，还有评价、指引、预测人们行为，保护、奖励合法行为，以及思想教育等基本功能。实行依法治校，不能仅仅注重法律的惩罚功能，而忽视法律的其他基本功能。从“以罚治校”或“以罚代管”的认识出发来理解依法治校，则是对依法治校的曲解，会给依法治校工作造成误导，应当予以纠正。所谓“校”，是指为我国境内的各级各类学校，并非专指某类或某种学校。?

　从法律上讲，依法治校体现一种法律关系，即依法治校必须由主体、内容和客体三大要素组成，依法治校的主体是指以各种方式参加这一法律关系，并在其中享受权利和义务的当事人，它包括教育行政部门、学校、教师、学生等。这些当事人的权利与义务是什么？有哪些？必须由法律来确认和规范，并以法律条文形式加以保障。这就是依法治校的内容。?

　三、依法治校的重要意义?

　1．依法治校是学校改革和发展的需要。随着各级教育的发展与办学自主权的扩大，教育管理越来越复杂，出现的许多新情况、新问题，都要依靠法律、依靠教育规章制度来理顺关系，规范行为，加强管理。可以说，依照相关法律和规章制度依法治校，是学校自身改革和发展的需要。?

　2．依法治校对我国教育事业有较大的促进作用。学校教育是整体教育事业的核心部分。目前，我国终身教育概念才刚刚引入，继续教育尚不发达，国民教育主要靠学校教育来完成，如何提高学校管理水平，充分发挥学校教育的主渠道作用，是我国社会发展走向新的历史时期迫切需要解决的一个问题。依法治校的实施将对我国教育事业的发展和进步起重大的推动作用。?

　3．依法治校从根本上促进我国综合国力的提高。世界各国的学校教育都是国民教育的主要途径，学校管理的科学化、法制化程度又直接影响学校教育的质量，影响国民的整体素质和一个国家的综合国力。法国、英国、德国、美国等国的发展，战后日本的倔起，都向世人昭示了这一点。战后的日本，在大力发展教育，增加教育投入的同时，制定了完整的《学校教育法》，通过法治途径规范学校管理、发展学校教育，以学校教育为主渠道提高国民的科技和文化素质，从而促进了社会生产力的快速发展，提高了日本的综合国力。据统计，日本在1950——1972年间，科教在国民经济发展中的贡献率达到了52%。美国自1945年以来，经济产出增长的一半以上得益于教育和科技的进步，这都充分说明了依法治校的重要性。

　四、依法治校工作的一些针对性策略

　? 国家教育部在2003年工作要点中指出：今年要加大教育系统的“四五”普法教育，切实加强教育执法监督和依法治校工作，在有关高校开展试点，不断规范办学行为。逐步建立行为规范、运转协调、公正透明、廉洁高效的行政管理机制。因此，我对如何开展依法治校工作，提出如下一些思考： ?

　1．树立依法治校的管理理念。在依法治校过程中，从学校管理内部来说，学校管理者能否树立明确的法治观念，认清依法治校的重要性和迫切性，是学校实施法制化管理的前提和基础。学校管理者应当把依法治校上升到依法治国的高度来充分认识，改变传统的管理手段与体制，树立起依法治校的管理理念。

　? 2．加强学习宣传，增强法制观念。学法是基础，用法是关健，依法治理是目的。目前我国有关教育发展、学校管理的各项法律、法规相继出台，为依法治校提供了最基本的依据。学校管理者应把教育法制学习与宣传纳入重要工作职责范围。学校可充分利用校园网、校报、广播、板报等宣传工具进行广泛的普法宣传；可以在学校教职工中经常开展法制讲座；可以开展各种法律知识竞赛、模拟法庭以及把法庭审判现场搬到学校等。让广大干部、师生增强法制观念，并学会运用法律来保护自己的合法权益。有利于推进法制宣传教育的广泛深入。?

　3．健全管理体制。要把依法治校落到实处，必须建立健全法制化的管理体制。?

　（1）制定《学校章程》，统领学校管理。依法管理学校事务是依法办学的核心内容。学校管理必须做到有法可依，有法必依。首先，有法可依是基础，因此实施依法治校，必须做好基础工作，要有属于学校内部的“立法”，即制定一部《学校章程》。《学校章程》是学校依法制定的全面规范学校办学宗旨、内部管理体制及教育教学、人事、财务活动等重要制度的自律性文件。《章程》的制定应根据《教育法》、《高等教育法》、《义务教育法》等教育法律法规，紧密结合本校的实际，适应本校未来发展需要，按照一定的原则程序，得到学校广大教工的支持和认可，并在教代会上获得通过。?

　（2）完善与学校《章程》相配套的各项规章制度。如民主决策制度、各部门工作规范、教职工岗位责任制、教育教学工作评估制度、安全卫生保健制度、奖惩制度、校内纠纷调解制度和申诉制度，等等。使学校各方面的工作和各级各类人员岗位职责置于统一规范和要求之下。强化学校的科学管理，推进学校自主管理、自我发展运行机制的形成。?

　4．推行岗位责任制。依法治校不单是领导的事情，需要全校教职工的共同努力，各职能部门及所属教职工要严格依照《学校章程》的规定履行各自的职能与岗位职责，全面推行岗位责任制，做到责、权、利相统一，使学校管理纳入法制化轨道。?

　5．强化依法行政。学校管理者在对学校进行领导和管理中，要进一步转变观念、改变思想作风和管理方式，要从过去主要依靠权力、运用行政手段的“家长式”管理，逐步转移到依靠法律、法规、规章和学校章程实行管理，严格行政执法程序，明确执法范围，不断提高学校管理的法制化水平。?

　6．加强党风廉政教育。对学校中层以上干部，特别是在权力比较集中的部门干部当中，要经常加强党风廉政教育、警示教育；也可以通过组织参观等活动来增强学法与教育的效果，例如：组织干部们到监狱去参观，通过以犯罪人活生生的犯罪事实进行现身说法，剖析犯罪根源，分析违法原因，会使干部们得到一次心灵上的洗礼。廉政教育要警钟长呜，常抓不懈。?

　7．加强民主管理与监督，实行校务公开。学校管理者按照国家教育法律、法规与《学校章程》对学校实行自主管理，要重视加强民主管理与民主监督，实行校务公开制度。学校要通过以教师为主体的教职工代表大会等组织形式，依法保障教职工参与民主管理和监督，切实维护教职工的合法权益。学校在管理中要做到：公开办事制度、公开办事程序、公开办事结果。例如：把学校招生、收费、各项管理制度和管理办法等涉及公众利益的内容向社会公开；把财务管理、工程建设、物资采购、干部人事等涉及教职工切身利益的内容向教职工公开。自觉接受师生和社会监督。同时，还要建立一套比较完善的民主监督机制，来限制、约束、监督管理者的权力运用。

　? 8．正确处理法与规章的关系。依法治校，体现的是一种法治精神，强调的是依法办事，但不能简单地认为依法治校就排斥学校管理中的政策性规范及学校各项规章制度，我们要把法制与学校内部规章制度能动地相结合，二者是相辅相成，相互补充。同时也不能完全排斥学校管理中运用经济手段、行政手段及其他手段。?

　9．合理借鉴先进经验。为了使中国教育发展跟上世界潮流，必须要确立依法治校的管理理念。我们应从理论上加强研究国外的先进做法，学习发达国家学校管理中依法治校的先进经验。日本的教育在世界是处于领先地位，自从1947年出台《学校教育法》以来共计修改了36次，这说明日本在本世纪40年代学校管理就纳入了依法管理的轨道。我国教育也应合理借鉴别国先进经验与做法，不断加快学校的法制化进程。?

　这些年我国先后颁布了7部教育法律16部教育行政法规，为我国实施依法治教、依法治校提供了法律依据。自各级人大和政协的教育执法监督检查制度开始执行以来，各级督导机构已经基本健全，我国的教育已逐步进入依法治教阶段。总之，作为学校管理者，必须充分认识把教育管理纳入法制化轨道的重要性与必要性，充分树立依法治校的管理理念，以法治精神为指导，充分发挥并有效运用已有的法律、法规的作用，认真制定学校《章程》及各项配套的规章制度，真正做到从理性的高度实施依法治校。努力实现我国教育的振兴与科教兴国方略的全面实施。

　

　Trade union work systemTrade union work systemThe staff and workers' CongressChapter I General principlesThe first is to protect my company workers democratic management power, full of enthusiasm and creativity of employees, wisdom run company, this regulation is formulated.Second public companies in the implementation of the board of directors general manager responsibility system under the leadership of the building at the same time, must establish and improve the system of workers' Congress and other democratic management systems, security barrier and play the role of trade union organizations and representatives of the employees table in consideration of the major decision-making enterprises, supervision and supervision of administrative leadership, power and role of safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of workers and so on.Third the trade union committee of the enterprise is the work of the staff and workers' Congress, and is responsible for the daily work of the staff and workers' Congress.Fourth the staff and workers' Congress shall accept the ideological and political leadership of the Party committee, and shall exercise its functions and powers within the limits prescribed by law.Article fifth the staff and workers' Congress shall actively support the general manager to exercise the authority of the management and decision making and the unified command of the production activities.Sixth of workers' Congress of democratic centralism.Second chapter of authorityArticle seventh the staff and workers' Congress shall exercise the following functions and powers::A general manager, to listen to and consider the science about the company's operating principles, long-term long-term planning, the annual plan, the basic construction plan, major technological transformation and technology introduction plan, staff training plan, its own funds allocation and use of the program, and put forward opinions and suggestions, and make a resolution on the implementation of the scheme.Two, consider the company's salary adjustment through the program, the labor protection measures programs, incentives and other important regulatory rules and regulations.Three, to consider the use of the program, the welfare of the staff and workers' welfare programs and other major issues related to the lives of the workers and staff.Four, evaluation and supervision of leading cadres at all levels of the company, and put forward suggestions on punishment and the appointment.In five, the workers' Congress meeting, can by the general manager on behalf of the government, the chairman of the trade union staff representatives signed the system of equal consultation and collective contract, for the common goal for the development of the company, each other is to assume the obligation to ensure the implementation.Staff representative of the third chapterEighth employees of the company in accordance with the law to enjoy political rights were elected as representatives of the employees of cocoa.Article 99 the employees' representatives to the department room or the basic level branch as a unit, directly elected by the workers. The operators, technical personnel and management personnel, leading cadres and young workers, female workers have accounted for a certain proportion, the company and the Department of leadership cadres of the general staff to do the total number of deputies to 55 points.Tenth employees on behalf of the Ministry or the basic unit of the Department of the unit is a single unit of the delegation, elected head..Eleventh staff representatives for implementation of the permanent system of election, once every two years, may be re elected. The election of representatives of the employees table unit employees, elected units and workers have the right to supervise and replace the withdrawal of representatives of the staff and workers units.The rights and obligations of the representatives of the twelfth staff and workers:A table, in the staff representative meeting, have the right to vote, to be elected in voting and voting rights. The right to execute executive Congress resolutions and proposal to implement the situation to be checked.Two, on behalf of workers should work hard to improve their own quality, on behalf of the legitimate interests of workers, and truthfully reflect the opinions and demands of the masses of workers, law-abiding model good books work.Three, on behalf of the staff and workers to exercise democratic rights, any organization and individual shall not suppress obstruction and strike retaliation.The fourth chapter organization systemThe thirteenth generation of workers congress delegation chairman presided over the meeting discussion, the members of the presidium shall, operators, managers and technicians. Our company middle-level cadres, including workers, technical personnel, management staff should be more than half.The fourteenth section of the workers' Congress held once a year at least for each meeting, there must be 33 points more than two staff representatives attend the seats. In case of major matters by the general manager, the labor union of the company more than 1/3 staff or staff representatives proposal may convene the meeting. The workers' Congress elections held and resolutions must be approved by all workers represented by more than half.Twenty-fifth of the workers congress around increase and enhance the vitality of enterprises, promote the technology step by step, improve economic efficiency, for enterprise management, an important problem of distribution system and workers life and fix the issue. Staff and workers congress decided in its position within the scope of authority, without consent shall not be modified by the workers' Congress change.Table sixteenth employee representative congress is not in session, the need for temporary solutionAn important question by trade unions called post head meeting of representatives of the staff and workers, and consultation with the down of a workers' congress report confirmed. Head meeting may participate in according to the meeting invited the leadership of the company and other relevant personnel.The fifth chapter of the staff and workers' Congress and the trade unionSeventeenth work as a staff representative of the general assembly of the work of the organization, to undertake the following work:First, the organization of staff and workers elected representatives.Two, the collection of workers on behalf of the major issues of the proposal, presided over the work of representatives of the general assembly of the preparatory work and the organization of the meeting.Three, presided over the meeting of representatives of the staff and workers on behalf of the meeting.Four, the organization of specialized teams to investigate and research, to make recommendations to the workers' Congress, inspection and supervision and supervision of the implementation of the resolution of the general assembly, the implementation of the staff and workers to implement the resolution of the General Assembly on behalf of workers.Five, to the staff and workers into the democratic management of publicity and education, the organization of staff and workers on behalf of the learning policy, business and management knowledge, improve the quality of the staff representatives.Six, accept and deal with the complaints and suggestions of representatives of the staff and workers, maintenance of the legitimate rights and interests of workers.Seven, the organization of democratic management of its other work.The sixth chapter of the Department of the room, the team's democratic managementAccording to the specific circumstances, the eighteenth department may take the form of the employees' Congress or the employee's representative office to exercise democratic management power in the affairs of the authority of the Department.Nineteenth teams and groups of democratic management, by the workers directly participate in the team's trade union leaders and workers under the auspices of the activities carried out under the auspices of the team building by the trade union leader to assist the squad leader.The seventh chapter supplementary provisionsArticle twentieth the company's trade unions shall be responsible for the interpretation of these regulations.Article twenty-first of the regulations issued from the date of promulgation.Trade union workOne, promote the party's road line, principles, policies, the implementation of the higher level of union spirit, under the leadership of the Party committee and the completion of the work of the task.Two, strengthen democratic management, do a good job of the staff and workers' Congress held preparatory, and closing work, do not hold regular workers delegation head of the meeting, to ensure the smooth flow of the main channel of democracy.Three, adhere to the "22" maintenance of unity, do a good job in the labor dispute mediation work, the protection of the specific interests of the masses of the protection of the masses of workers from invasion.Four, strengthen the source participation, actively participate in the company's various policy strategies, measures to develop, and supervise the implementation of the line, reflecting the wishes of the majority of workers and requirements.Five, the organization of workers to carry out labor competition, to make reasonable proposals, small leather, small inventions to create a living activity, fully mobilize the enthusiasm of the production of workers.Six, to carry out the "warm and warm project" activities for the workers to run everything, practical things, to help solve the difficult life, do a good job of mutual assistance insurance and staff and workers to study and research work.Seven, establish and perfect the trade unions at all levels, achieve organization system network, fixed regularly held congress, a good new member of the development and transfer of work.Eight, establish and improve the levels of female workers organization, coordination of relevant departments to do a good job of female female workers "four period", play essential role of female workers into the sky, to promote the development of production, protect the legitimate rights and interests of women workers are not infringed.Nine, the group organized the staff to carry out health, education and teaching in music, small and diverse cultural and sports activities, active corporate cultural life, and strive to enhance the cohesion of the enterprise.Ten, to strengthen the financial management of the union, according to the trade union funds on time, to develop the use of the labor union funds budget, reasonable expenses, and do a good job in the collection and use of union dues.Union membership management systemArticle 1 this regulation is formulated in accordance with the relevant provisions of the articles of association of China's trade union, and with the company's actual situation.Second who meet the conditions for membership in the Union constitution and the provisions of the China < >, has signed a labor contract with the company staff can apply to join into the union.Third apply for unionized workers, shall I put out the application, and the Chinese National Federation of trade unions shall fill in "application form" and "trade union membership registration form", by the union approval group and grass-roots trade union audit, is a member of the union. Its membership from the union committee approved the date since.Fourth trade union members should actively participate in the activities of the union, the right to exercise their rights and fulfill their obligations, and timely payment of contributions.Fifth members will be free to go back. Members of the withdrawal will be written application, through the trade union group, approved by the labor union committee, from the day of withdrawal will stop paying their dues.Sixth members do not have the proper reason to continue for 6 months without payment of membership dues, do not participate in the processing will organize life, education refused to correct, should be regarded as automatic withdrawal.Article 77 where serious crimes and criminal sanctions by members of trade unions, by the Committee for discussion and decision, dismissed its membership.The relationship between the eighth members of the organization changes with the change of labor relations, the labor relations of the members change, the relationship between the members of the human relations with me to transfer, with the membership card to transfer.Ninth to master company membership, every month 25 days before this grass-roots trade unions shall fill in "grass-roots union members report > union office reported to the company, requirements in a timely manner, digital true and reliable.Tenth such as the management of the members of the lost Dangdang, causing unnecessary labor disputes, etc., will be held responsible for the relevant personnel.Eleventh handle refund formalities will have workers, and apply for membership, allowing it to re apply for the admission procedures.Twelfth members retired, retired, laid-off, insurable retained membership. Membership retention period from dues. Members maintain membership, no longer have the right to vote and to be elected in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state. In addition to enjoy the insurance benefits, the same treatment will no longer enjoy membership.Thirteenth the Ordinance shall be implemented as of the date of promulgation, and the right to interpret it shall be in the company's trade union committee.Union chairman job dutiesOne, in the company Party branch and the superior trade union under the leadership of the trade union committee, presided over this unit is responsible for the daily work. The trade union work plan, regular arrangement, examination, summing up the work, and timely reporting to the Party branch and trade unions.Two, the implementation of the implementation of the party's line, principles, policies, adhere to the production and operation of enterprises as the center of the heart and to democratic management as the focus, play the essential role of working mechanism of the Congress, the comprehensive carry out the activities of trade unions.Three, the implementation of democratic centralism principle, chaired by members of the general assembly or a member of Congress, trade union committee, democracy, brainstorming, the trade unions do to promote the harmonious development of enterprises and employees, the stability and unity of the home of workers.Four, support the work of enterprise administration, to participate in the development of the enterprise planning, reform and innovation and life and other important work to discuss the work, and actively put forward reasonable proposals.Five, do the preparatory work of the Congress, to complete the work of the congress delegate support.Six, pay attention to listen to the opinions and requirements of the majority of members, in a timely manner to the Party branch and the administrative counter reflection, the maintenance of the rights and interests of workers and the vital interests of the enterprise administrative staff to help improve the welfare of workers.Seven, the organization to carry out health and physical and mental health of the culture and entertainment, sports activities.Eight, responsible for the scope of trade unions in the political learning, assessment, awarding work.Nine, to assist the female staff members will do a good job of female staff and workers, to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of female workers.Ten, assist enterprises in the relevant aspects of the association, do a good job in the work of retired workers and their families.Eleven, the examination and approval of trade union funds.Twelve, timely completion of the party organization and the work of the superior union arrangement.Detailed rules for the implementation of the regulations of the staff and workers' CongressChapter I General ProvisionsThe first one according to the People's Republic of China constitution in < > and < theconsolidation industrial workers congress during the People's Republic of China regulations cases of industrial enterprises owned by the "spirit, the regulations implementing rules are formulated.The second company employee representative congress is the basic form of democratic management of the enterprise, is the right agency workers to exercise their democratic management. The main work is the trade union committee organization of the staff and workers' Congress, responsible for the daily work of the workers' Congress.Third employees in the company under the leadership of Party branch, to implement the party's line, principles and policies of needles, and state laws and regulations, correctly handle the state, collective, individual interests of the three, in the law within the prescribed scope of authority.Article 44 the Congress shall actively support the general manager of the company to exercise the management decision and the unified command of production, scientific research activities authority.Fifth to establish and improve the system of workers' Congress and other democratic management systems, security and play the role of trade union organizations and representatives of the staff and workers to review the major decision of enterprises in the trial supervision, administrative leadership, role and rights to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests and so on.Article 66 The Congress implement democratic centralism in the system.Second chapter of authorityThe Seventh Congress exercised the following powersFirst, the right to consider proposalsListen to the general manager of the regular work report; review; business policy, long-term long-term planning, the annual plan; basic construction plan; major technical transformation scheme;; employee training plan; financial budget is put forward opinions and suggestions; gold funds allocation and use case.Two, the review of the consent or vetoThe salary adjustment scheme of the enterprise; the bonus scheme; the labor protection measures; the reward measures for the employees and the important rules and regulations of the enterprise are reviewed.Three, to consider the right to decide:For workers Fulili fund; workers housing allocation; other important matters relating to workers Living welfare review will be decided.Four, appraisal, supervision powerLeading cadres at all levels of supervision, regular review, general manager of the office should fulfill the duties and objectives of supervision, the layers of cadres to the general manager of science can be put forward to praise, reward, punishment, promotion or group of criticism, dismissed suggestions.Five, the right to democratic electionsAccording to the superior department in charge of the deployment of the competent authorities or the approval of the higher authorities, the staff representatives of the people's democratic recommendation or the election of enterprise administrative leadership, and the election results reported to the competent authorities for approval.The Eighth Congress will be the taskFirst, the party and government departments to do a good job of the "two" civilization, the workers of the ideological, discipline and professional ethics education.Two, Congress should support education workers of the company general manager for the mobilization of workers to carry out the exercise of the powers, the provisions, abide by discipline, efforts to complete the task.Three, close contact with the general staff and workers, to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of workers, and truthfully reflect the views and requirements of the workers.Staff representative of the third chapterThe ninth company employees entitled to political rights in accordance with the provisions of the law, can be elected as the representative of the staff.Tenth representatives of the staff and workers to produce, should take the Department, the workshop as a unit, by the workers directly elected, not appointed by the leadership of the leadership. The number of its representatives should be accounted for 10-20%. of the total number of workersEleventh a staff representative should be a worker, technical personnel, management personnel, workers and other leading cadres group consisting of young workers and female workers should be accounted for a proper proportion. A guest, attend on behalf of several seats.According to the needs of the work and the number of representatives of the composition of a number of representatives of the table group, elected leader, deputy leader.Twelfth representatives of the staff and workers of real implementation of the permanent system, every three to four years of election election once, may be re elected.Article thirteenth supplementary supplementary of theJapan soldiers at face value, without trace, left. (22) Shen Longbao bricks crushed to death the Japanese autumn 1941, new Cheng Shen Longbao CPC underground party members were ordered to scout the Japanese military, as he was walking along the top edge of the new town to scout behind the Japanese military police, probably not a box gun

　Trade union work systemTrade union work systemThe staff and workers' CongressChapter I General principlesThe first is to protect my company workers democratic management power, full of enthusiasm and creativity of employees, wisdom run company, this regulation is formulated.Second public companies in the implementation of the board of directors general manager responsibility system under the leadership of the building at the same time, must establish and improve the system of workers' Congress and other democratic management systems, security barrier and play the role of trade union organizations and representatives of the employees table in consideration of the major decision-making enterprises, supervision and supervision of administrative leadership, power and role of safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of workers and so on.Third the trade union committee of the enterprise is the work of the staff and workers' Congress, and is responsible for the daily work of the staff and workers' Congress.Fourth the staff and workers' Congress shall accept the ideological and political leadership of the Party committee, and shall exercise its functions and powers within the limits prescribed by law.Article fifth the staff and workers' Congress shall actively support the general manager to exercise the authority of the management and decision making and the unified command of the production activities.Sixth of workers' Congress of democratic centralism.Second chapter of authorityArticle seventh the staff and workers' Congress shall exercise the following functions and powers::A general manager, to listen to and consider the science about the company's operating principles, long-term long-term planning, the annual plan, the basic construction plan, major technological transformation and technology introduction plan, staff training plan, its own funds allocation and use of the program, and put forward opinions and suggestions, and make a resolution on the implementation of the scheme.Two, consider the company's salary adjustment through the program, the labor protection measures programs, incentives and other important regulatory rules and regulations.Three, to consider the use of the program, the welfare of the staff and workers' welfare programs and other major iss

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